這篇文章主要介紹“Linux系統(tǒng)中怎么搭建Nginx動(dòng)靜分離”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在Linux系統(tǒng)中怎么搭建Nginx動(dòng)靜分離問題上存在疑惑，小編查閱了各式資料，整理出簡單好用的操作方法，希望對(duì)大家解答”Linux系統(tǒng)中怎么搭建Nginx動(dòng)靜分離”的疑惑有所幫助！接下來，請跟著小編一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧！
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針對(duì)PHP的動(dòng)靜分離
靜態(tài)頁面交給Nginx處理
動(dòng)態(tài)頁面交給PHP-FPM模塊或Apache處理
在Nginx的配置中，是通過location配置段配合正則匹配實(shí)現(xiàn)靜態(tài)與動(dòng)態(tài)頁面的不同處理方式
Nginx不僅能作為Web服務(wù)器，還具有反向代理、負(fù)載均衡和緩存的功能
Nginx通過proxy模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)將客戶端的請求代理至上游服務(wù)器，此時(shí)nginx與. 上游服務(wù)器的連接是通過http協(xié)議進(jìn)行的
Nginx在實(shí)現(xiàn)反向代理功能時(shí)的最重要指令為proxy_ _pass, 它能夠并能夠根據(jù)URI、客戶端參數(shù)或其它的處理邏輯將用戶請求調(diào)度至上游服務(wù)器
架設(shè)并調(diào)試后端LAMP環(huán)境
安裝配置Nginx處理靜態(tài)頁面請求，在server {};段中加入
重慶分公司
重慶分公司
[root@nginx php5]#vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/nginx.conf
location ~ .*\.(gifiglipeglbmp|swf)$ {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
};配置Nginx處理動(dòng)態(tài)頁面請求，在server{};中加入
在Apache.工作目錄新建test.php
重啟Nginx并測試
[root@nginx php5]#vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/nginx.conf
server {
.....
location ~ \.php$ {
proxy_ pass http://192.168.9.237:8080; //LAMP的IP地址
......開啟兩臺(tái)Linux虛擬機(jī)，一臺(tái)配置Nginx，一臺(tái)配置LANM架構(gòu)，客戶端訪問nginx網(wǎng)頁時(shí)Nginx服務(wù)處理靜態(tài)訪問信息，LAMP處理動(dòng)態(tài)訪問信息，
首先在一臺(tái)Linux系統(tǒng)中搭建lamp架構(gòu)，這里使用yum安裝lamp架構(gòu)
yum install httpd httpd-devel -y 已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 已安裝: httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos httpd-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 完畢！ [root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http success //配置防火墻允許http服務(wù)在公共區(qū)域通過 [root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https success //配置防火墻允許https服務(wù)在公共區(qū)域通過 [root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload //重新加載防火墻 success [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd.service //啟動(dòng)http服務(wù)
在客戶機(jī)訪問httpd服務(wù)，看服務(wù)是否成功開啟
安裝mariadb（mariadb是MySQL的分支軟件，功能與MySQL相同）
[root@localhost ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel -y 已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 已安裝: mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.64-1.el7 mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.64-1.el7 mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.64-1.el7 完畢！ [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb //啟動(dòng)mariadb服務(wù) [root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntap | grep 3306 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2519/mysqld [root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation //設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫 NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): //詢問是否給root用戶設(shè)置密碼，直接回車 OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] y //是否設(shè)置密碼，輸入y確認(rèn) New password: //輸入密碼 Re-enter new password: //再次輸入密碼 Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] n //詢問是否刪除匿名用戶，輸入n，不刪除 ... skipping. Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n //詢問是否拒絕root用戶遠(yuǎn)程登錄，輸入n，不拒絕 ... skipping. By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] n //詢問是否刪除測試數(shù)據(jù)庫，輸入n，不刪除 ... skipping. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y //詢問是否重新加載數(shù)據(jù)庫，輸入y，重新加載 ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB! //完成設(shè)置
安裝PHP
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install php //安裝php服務(wù) 已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 已安裝: php.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 完畢！ [root@localhost ~]# yum install php-mysql -y //安裝php與mysql連接包 已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 已安裝: php-mysql.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 作為依賴被安裝: php-pdo.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 完畢！ [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y php-gd php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-snmp php-soap curl curl-devel php-bcmath //安裝php環(huán)境包 已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 已安裝: libcurl-devel.x86_64 0:7.29.0-54.el7 php-bcmath.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 php-gd.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 php-ldap.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 php-mbstring.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 php-odbc.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 php-pear.noarch 1:1.9.4-21.el7 php-snmp.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 php-soap.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 php-xml.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 php-xmlrpc.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 完畢！ [root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html //進(jìn)入網(wǎng)頁站點(diǎn) [root@localhost html]# vim index.php //編輯php網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容 :wq [root@localhost html]# systemctl restart httpd.service //重啟http服務(wù)
在客戶機(jī)中測試LAMP機(jī)構(gòu)是否安裝成功
在另一臺(tái)Linux系統(tǒng)中安裝Nginx服務(wù)
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname nginx //為了區(qū)分先更改Linux主機(jī)名稱 [root@localhost ~]# su [root@nginx ~]# //更改成功 [root@nginx nginx-1.12.2]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel zlib-devel -y //安裝環(huán)境包 已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 已安裝: gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7 zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7 ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... 完畢！ [root@nginx ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx //創(chuàng)建程序用戶 [root@nginx ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.100.10/lnmp /mnt/ //掛載宿主機(jī)源碼包目錄到mnt目錄下 Password for root@//192.168.100.10/lnmp: [root@nginx ~]# cd /mnt/ //進(jìn)入mnt目錄 [root@nginx mnt]# tar zvxf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz -C /opt/ //解壓源碼包 ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... nginx-1.12.2/auto/cc/msvc nginx-1.12.2/auto/cc/name nginx-1.12.2/auto/cc/owc nginx-1.12.2/auto/cc/sunc [root@nginx mnt]# cd /opt/nginx-1.12.2/ //進(jìn)入解壓的nginx文件目錄 [root@nginx nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure \ //配置nginx > --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ > --user=nginx \ > --group=nginx \ > --with-http_stub_status_module ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp [root@nginx nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install //制作安裝nginx ...//省略部分內(nèi)容... test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \ || cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx' test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \ || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs' make[1]: 離開目錄“/opt/nginx-1.12.2” [root@nginx nginx-1.12.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/ //創(chuàng)建軟連接文件到系統(tǒng)命令目錄 [root@nginx nginx-1.12.2]# cd /lib/systemd/system //進(jìn)入system管理目錄 [root@nginx system]# vim nginx.service //編輯nginx啟動(dòng)腳本文件 [Unit] Description=nginx After=network.target [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx ExecReload=/usr/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID ExecStop=/usr/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target :wq [root@nginx system]# chmod 754 nginx.service //添加執(zhí)行權(quán)限 [root@nginx system]# systemctl start nginx.service //啟動(dòng)服務(wù) [root@nginx system]# systemctl stop firewalld.service //關(guān)閉防火墻 [root@nginx system]# setenforce 0 //關(guān)閉增強(qiáng)性安全功能
在客戶機(jī)測試Nginx服務(wù)
在nginx服務(wù)配置文件中開啟功能，將動(dòng)態(tài)訪問轉(zhuǎn)交給LAMP主機(jī)處理,以實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)靜分離
[root@nginx system]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
...//省略部分內(nèi)容...
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
location ~ \.php$ { //開啟此模塊，并將IP地址更改為LAMP的主機(jī)，也就是將動(dòng)態(tài)請求交給LAMP的主機(jī)處理
proxy_pass http://192.168.144.137;
}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
...//省略部分內(nèi)容...
:wq
[root@nginx system]# systemctl stop nginx.service //關(guān)閉服務(wù)
[root@nginx system]# systemctl start nginx.service //重新啟動(dòng)服務(wù)在客戶測試動(dòng)靜分離是否成功
到此，關(guān)于“Linux系統(tǒng)中怎么搭建Nginx動(dòng)靜分離”的學(xué)習(xí)就結(jié)束了，希望能夠解決大家的疑惑。理論與實(shí)踐的搭配能更好的幫助大家學(xué)習(xí)，快去試試吧！若想繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)更多相關(guān)知識(shí)，請繼續(xù)關(guān)注創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)站，小編會(huì)繼續(xù)努力為大家?guī)砀鄬?shí)用的文章！
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