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1、MySQL會出現(xiàn)中文亂碼的原因
當我們在使用MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫的時候，經(jīng)常會碰到亂碼的問題，看下面的代碼。

mysql> create table test(id int,name varchar(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

    mysql> insert into test values(1,'宋蔚然');
    ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\\xE5\\xAE\\x8B\\xE8\\x94\\x9A...' for column 'name' at row 1
    mysql>

相關學習推薦：mysql視頻教程

很顯然，當插入中文的時候報錯，原因在哪呢？

mysql> show variables like '%CHARACTER%';
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
    | character_set_database   | latin1                     |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
    | character_set_server     | latin1                     |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+

character_set_client 客戶端使用的字符編碼
character_set_connection 數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接使用的編碼
character_set_database 數(shù)據(jù)庫使用的字符編碼
原來是字符編碼與服務端、數(shù)據(jù)庫的編碼不統(tǒng)一而造成的。

2、MySQL會出現(xiàn)中文亂碼的解決方法
方法一：設置names

mysql> set names latin1;
  mysql> set names latin1;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql> select * from test;
    Empty set (0.00 sec)
  mysql> insert into test values(1,'宋蔚然');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
  mysql> select * from test;
    +------+-----------+
    | id   | name      |
    +------+-----------+
    |    1 | 宋蔚然    |
    +------+-----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

再來看一下字符集的設置

mysql> show variables like '%CHARACTER%';
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | latin1                     |
    | character_set_connection | latin1                     |
    | character_set_database   | latin1                     |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | latin1                     |
    | character_set_server     | latin1                     |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+

字符編碼統(tǒng)一就不會出現(xiàn)亂碼。
解決亂碼問題其實就是將客戶端的字符編碼與服務端、數(shù)據(jù)庫的編碼統(tǒng)一。這里的服務端與數(shù)據(jù)庫編碼都是latin1，所有set names latin1即可臨時解決亂碼問題。

方法二：修改數(shù)據(jù)庫配置文件字符集為UTF8
UTF8支持很多語言體系，因此在生產(chǎn)中強烈建議將字符編碼設置UTF8。打開數(shù)據(jù)庫的配置文件，分別在[client]，[mysql]，[mysqld]下添加如下內容。

#vi /mysql/data/3306/my.cnf
  [client]
    default-character-set=utf8
  [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
  [mysqld]
    default-storage-engine=INNODB
    character-set-server=utf8
    collation-server=utf8_general_ci

重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫

[root@test ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

重寫創(chuàng)建庫和表

mysql> create database test;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql> use test;
    Database changed
    mysql> create table test(id int,name varchar(10));
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  mysql> insert into test values(1,'宋蔚然');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql> select * from test;
    +------+-----------+
    | id   | name      |
    +------+-----------+
    |    1 | 宋蔚然    |
    +------+-----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

再來看一下字符集的設置

mysql> show variables like '%CHARACTER%';
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
    | character_set_database   | utf8                       |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
    | character_set_server     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+

1、MySQL會出現(xiàn)中文亂碼的原因
當我們在使用MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫的時候，經(jīng)常會碰到亂碼的問題，看下面的代碼。

mysql> create table test(id int,name varchar(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

    mysql> insert into test values(1,'宋蔚然');
    ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\\xE5\\xAE\\x8B\\xE8\\x94\\x9A...' for column 'name' at row 1
    mysql>

很顯然，當插入中文的時候報錯，原因在哪呢？

mysql> show variables like '%CHARACTER%';
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
    | character_set_database   | latin1                     |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
    | character_set_server     | latin1                     |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+

character_set_client 客戶端使用的字符編碼
character_set_connection 數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接使用的編碼
character_set_database 數(shù)據(jù)庫使用的字符編碼
原來是字符編碼與服務端、數(shù)據(jù)庫的編碼不統(tǒng)一而造成的。

2、MySQL會出現(xiàn)中文亂碼的解決方法
方法一：設置names

mysql> set names latin1;
  mysql> set names latin1;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql> select * from test;
    Empty set (0.00 sec)
  mysql> insert into test values(1,'宋蔚然');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
  mysql> select * from test;
    +------+-----------+
    | id   | name      |
    +------+-----------+
    |    1 | 宋蔚然    |
    +------+-----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

再來看一下字符集的設置

mysql> show variables like '%CHARACTER%';
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | latin1                     |
    | character_set_connection | latin1                     |
    | character_set_database   | latin1                     |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | latin1                     |
    | character_set_server     | latin1                     |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+

字符編碼統(tǒng)一就不會出現(xiàn)亂碼。
解決亂碼問題其實就是將客戶端的字符編碼與服務端、數(shù)據(jù)庫的編碼統(tǒng)一。這里的服務端與數(shù)據(jù)庫編碼都是latin1，所有set names latin1即可臨時解決亂碼問題。

方法二：修改數(shù)據(jù)庫配置文件字符集為UTF8
UTF8支持很多語言體系，因此在生產(chǎn)中強烈建議將字符編碼設置UTF8。打開數(shù)據(jù)庫的配置文件，分別在[client]，[mysql]，[mysqld]下添加如下內容。

#vi /mysql/data/3306/my.cnf
  [client]
    default-character-set=utf8
  [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
  [mysqld]
    default-storage-engine=INNODB
    character-set-server=utf8
    collation-server=utf8_general_ci

重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫

[root@test ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

重寫創(chuàng)建庫和表

mysql> create database test;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql> use test;
    Database changed
    mysql> create table test(id int,name varchar(10));
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  mysql> insert into test values(1,'宋蔚然');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql> select * from test;
    +------+-----------+
    | id   | name      |
    +------+-----------+
    |    1 | 宋蔚然    |
    +------+-----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

再來看一下字符集的設置

mysql> show variables like '%CHARACTER%';
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
    | character_set_database   | utf8                       |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
    | character_set_server     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+

文章題目：解決MySQL會出現(xiàn)中文亂碼問題的方法
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