Nagios的功能以及它所使用的場(chǎng)景在此不必多說(shuō).網(wǎng)上很多這方面資料.本文主要介紹Nagios-SNMP-Plugins 來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)企業(yè)中的服務(wù)器的硬件的監(jiān)控,如:磁盤(pán),CPU ,內(nèi)存,網(wǎng)卡等在出現(xiàn)異?；蚧謴?fù)時(shí)通知管理員并使用PNP插件結(jié)合rrdtool實(shí)現(xiàn)繪圖
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1.監(jiān)控機(jī):CentOS5.4_x32(192.168.1.253)
2.兩臺(tái)被監(jiān)控機(jī)器:Windows (192.168.1.206),Linux(192.168.1.124)
3.所需軟件:
Nagios3.3.1
Nagios-plugins-1.4.16
Nagios-snmp-plugins.1.1.1
Rrdtool
Pnp4nagios-0.6.18
sendEmail
二.部署過(guò)程
1.確保系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)組件已安裝
2.使用yum安裝LAMP環(huán)境
yum -y install php php-cli php-common php-pdo php-gd php-mysql php-devel php-mbstrin
yum -y install httpd httpd-devel system-config-httpd
yum -y install mysql-devel mysql-server mysql
yum -y install gd gd-devel
注:以上組件件中有PHP擴(kuò)展,關(guān)于gd gd-devel必需安裝不然map會(huì)出現(xiàn)異常.ndo2db會(huì)將的nagios信息轉(zhuǎn)入MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
3.啟動(dòng)Apache和MySQL
chkconfig --add httpd || chkconfig httpd on//添加apache服務(wù)開(kāi)機(jī)啟動(dòng)
chkconfig --add mysqld || chkconfig mysqld on //添加MySQL服務(wù) 開(kāi)機(jī)啟動(dòng)
service httpd restart 啟動(dòng)Apache
service mysqld restart 啟動(dòng)MySQL
4.建立php測(cè)試文件,并驗(yàn)證
vim /var/www/index.php
phpinfo();
?>
三.依次安裝所需軟件
1.安裝Nagios
groupadd nagcmd
useradd -G nagcmd nagios
passwd nagios //手動(dòng)設(shè)置密碼
usermod -a -G nagcmd apache
cd nagios-3.3.1
./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd --enable-event-broker //--enable-enevnt-broker參數(shù)用于實(shí)現(xiàn)NDO的功能
make all
make install
make install-init
make install-commandmode
make install-config
htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin //指定Nagios的web接口登錄密碼
make install-webconf
2.安裝Nagios-plugins
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
make
make install
chkconfig --add nagios || chkconfig nagios on //配置Nagios開(kāi)機(jī)啟動(dòng)
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg //檢測(cè)無(wú)異常即可以啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
service nagios restart //重啟apache服務(wù)
service httpd restart //啟動(dòng)nagios服務(wù)
3.安裝Nagios-snmp-plugins
Crypt-DES-2.07.tar.gz
Digest-HMAC-1.03.tar.gz
Digest-MD5-2.53.tar.gz
Digest-SHA1-2.13.tar.gz
Net-SNMP-v6.0.1.tar.gz
分別解壓進(jìn)入各目錄執(zhí)行以下操作
perl Makefile
make test
make install
tar -zxvf nagios-snmp-plugins.tar.gz
cd nagios_plugins
./install //依次回車(chē)即可,完成后會(huì)在/usr/local/nagios/libexec目錄中生成相應(yīng)的健康腳本
重啟apache 和nagios
瀏覽器中輸入：http://192.168.1.253/nagios
用戶(hù)名：nagiosadmin
密碼：上面設(shè)置的密碼
三.配置監(jiān)控
1,配置/usr/local/.nagios/etc/object/command.cfg文件,在文件結(jié)尾處添加以下內(nèi)容.
###############################SNMP
define command {
command_name check_tcpport
command_line $USER1$/check_tcp -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p $ARG1$ -w $ARG2$ -c $ARG3$
}
define command {
command_name check_snmp_disk
command_line $USER1$/check_snmp_storage.pl -H $HOSTADDRESS$ $USER7$ -p $ARG1$ -m $ARG2$ -w $ARG3$ -c $ARG4$
}
define command {
command_name check_snmp_mem
command_line $USER1$/check_snmp_storage.pl -H $HOSTADDRESS$ $USER7$ -p $ARG1$ -m $ARG2$ -w $ARG3$ -c $ARG4$ -f
}
define command {
command_name check_snmp_cpuload
command_line $USER1$/check_snmp_load.pl -H $HOSTADDRESS$ $USER7$ -p $ARG1$ -w $ARG2$ -c $ARG3$ -f
}
(-f 不可缺少否則無(wú)法出圖)
配置監(jiān)控之前先檢測(cè)被檢控主機(jī)狀態(tài)，被控機(jī)上開(kāi)啟SNMP服務(wù)并配置好團(tuán)體名及所接收來(lái)自哪些區(qū)域的請(qǐng)求．
windows
linux
測(cè)試成功就可以進(jìn)行配置了．
２.定義監(jiān)控主機(jī)
在nagios.cfg中開(kāi)啟被監(jiān)控主機(jī)的目錄
添加windows主機(jī)監(jiān)控文件
以下為192.168.1.206這臺(tái)機(jī)器的監(jiān)控配置
define host{
use windows-server
host_name web-192.168.1.206
alias My Windows Server
address 192.168.1.206
hostgroups windows-server
}
##################################### //這里是分組，注，分組中需要指定一次
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name windows-server
alias windows-server
}
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name linux-server
alias linux-server
}
#####################################
define service{
use generic-service
host_name web-192.168.1.206
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%!5
}
###########Memory
define service{
use generic-service
host_name web-192.168.1.206
service_description Memor
check_command check_snmp_mem!161!"Physical Memory"!10!20
｝
檢測(cè)語(yǔ)法是否有錯(cuò)
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
無(wú)報(bào)錯(cuò)即可重啟nagios 服務(wù)
service nagios restart
刷新監(jiān)控頁(yè)面
三.配置監(jiān)控對(duì)像使用量繪圖功能
1.安裝cgilib
tar -zxvf cgilib-0.6.tar.gz
cd cgilib-0.6
make
cp aux.h /usr/include/
cp cgi.h /usr/include/
cp libcgi.a /usr/lib/
2.安裝rrdtool
yum -y install ruby
yum -y install pango pango-devel
rpm -ivh rrdtool *
3.安裝PNP
cd pnp4nagios-0.6.18
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --with-rrdtool=/usr/bin/rrdtool --with-perfdata-dir=/usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata
make all
make install
make install-config
4.配置apache
vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
末尾添加如下信息
Alias /pnp4nagios "/usr/local/pnp4nagios/share"
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
RewriteEngine On
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteBase /pnp4nagios/
RewriteRule ^(application|modules|system) - [F,L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule .* index.php/$0 [PT,L]
5.配置template.cfg
define host {
name host-pnp
action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=_HOST_
register 0
}
define service {
name srv-pnp
action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$
register 0
}
6.配置commands.cfg
先注釋原有的再添加
define command {
command_name process-service-perfdata
command_line /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/pnp4nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl
}
define command {
command_name process-host-perfdata
command_line /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/pnp4nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl -d HOSTPERFDATA
}
7.配置nagios.cfg
process_performance_data=1
enable_environment_macros=1
host_perfdata_command=process-host-perfdata
service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata
8.更新PHP至 5.2(CentOS 6.2可yum安裝)
yum install php-gd
rpm --import http://repo.webtatic.com/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-webtatic-andy
wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ http://repo.webtatic.com/yum/webtatic.repo
yum --enablerepo=webtatic --exclude=php*5.3* list php
yum --enablerepo=webtatic --exclude=php*5.3* update -y php
驗(yàn)證:
rpm -qa |grep php
service httpd restart
測(cè)試PNP .刪除或移動(dòng)/usr/local/pnp4nagios/share/install.php配
9.為主機(jī)或服務(wù)配置繪圖
重新啟動(dòng)服務(wù).并查看監(jiān)控頁(yè)面.需要等一會(huì)才能出圖
service httpd restart
service nagios restart
三.配置監(jiān)控LINUX主機(jī)也一樣,調(diào)用的模版文件改成linux-server.分組使用linux-server,前面定義過(guò)分組這里不用定義
cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/object/linux
vim 192.168.1.124.cfg
define host{
use linux-server,host-pnp
host_name web-192.168.1.124
alias My Linux Server
address 192.168.1.124
hostgroups linux-server
}
#####################################
define service{
use generic-service,srv-pnp
host_name web-192.168.1.124
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%!5
}
###########Memory
define service{
use generic-service,srv-pnp
host_name web-192.168.1.124
service_description Mem
check_command check_snmp_mem!161!"Real Memory"!90!99
}
###########disk/
define service{
use generic-service,srv-pnp
host_name web-192.168.1.124
service_description disk-/
check_command check_snmp_stro!161!/!80!90
}
#####CPU
define service{
use generic-service,srv-pnp
host_name web-192.168.1.124
service_description cpuload
check_command check_snmp_cpuload!161!80!90
}
###########Traffic
define service{
use generic-service,srv-pnp
host_name web-192.168.1.124
service_description eth0
check_command check_snmp_traffic!2!200,100!300,200
}
#####Process
define service{
use generic-service,srv-pnp
host_name web-192.168.1.124
service_description httpd
check_command check_snmp_proc!httpd!3!20!100,200
}
define service{
use generic-service,srv-pnp
host_name web-192.168.1.124
service_description port80
check_command check_tcpport!80!0.0023!0.0067
}
五：配置告警功能
1.定義宏變量
２.sendEmail的用法
下載 wget http://caspian.dotconf.net/menu/Software/SendEmail/sendEmail-v1.56.tar.gz
tar -zxvf sendEmail
cd sendEmail
cp -p sendEmail /usr/local/bin
檢測(cè)發(fā)信
/usr/local/bin/sendEmail –f nagios@test.com –t yahoon@test.com –s mail.test.com –u “from nagios” –xu nagios –xp p#3isoda –m happy
解釋:-f 表示發(fā)送者的郵箱
-t 表示接收者的郵箱
-s 表示SMTP服務(wù)器的域名或者ip
-u 表示郵件的主題-xu
表示SMTP驗(yàn)證的用戶(hù)名-xp
表示SMTP驗(yàn)證的密碼(注意,這個(gè)密碼貌似有限制,例如我用d!5neyland就不能被正確識(shí)別)
-m 表示郵件的內(nèi)容
注:以上內(nèi)容來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)
添加告警配置
# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition
define command{
command_name notify-host-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****nnNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$nHost: $HOSTNAME$nState: $HOSTSTA
TE$nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$nnDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$n" | /usr/local/bin/sendEmail -s $USER8$ -xu $USER9$ -xp $US
ER10$ -t $CONTACTEMAIL$ -f $USER9$ -l /var/log/sendEmail -u "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" -m "***
** Nagios *****nnNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$nHost: $HOSTNAME$nState: $HOSTSTATE$nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$
nnDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$n"
}
# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition
define command{
command_name notify-service-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****nnNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$nnService: $SERVICEDESC$nHost: $H
OSTALIAS$nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$nState: $SERVICESTATE$nnDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$nnAdditional Info:nn$SERVICEOUTPUT$" | /usr/local/b
in/sendEmail -s $USER8$ -xu $USER9$ -xp $USER10$ -t $CONTACTEMAIL$ -f $USER9$ -l /var/log/sendEmail -u "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Servic
e Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" -m "***** Nagios *****nnNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$nnService: $SE
RVICEDESC$nHost: $HOSTALIAS$nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$nState: $SERVICESTATE$nnDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$nnAdditional Info:nn$SERVICEOUTP
UT$"
}
定義聯(lián)系人，可以定義多個(gè)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)
關(guān)掉系統(tǒng)自帶的sendmai
service sendmail stop
chkconfig sendmail off
重啟服務(wù)．觀測(cè)頁(yè)面上的notification選項(xiàng)和上面定義的收信郵箱
本次實(shí)驗(yàn)先做到這里，稍后附上ndo2db+nagvis的配置．．
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