一般情況下是1-4個(gè)實(shí)例，1-2個(gè)居多
一、安裝環(huán)境
二、多實(shí)例添加（安裝mysql）
三、配置文件的添加
四、啟動(dòng)腳本的添加
五、文件權(quán)限及所屬
六、配置全局路徑
七、初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫
八、mysql啟動(dòng)、關(guān)閉、登錄
一、安裝環(huán)境
CentOS?Linux?release?7.2.1511安裝目錄：/application/mysql
安裝版本：mysql-5.7.9
二、實(shí)例的添加（安裝mysql）
見博文mysql安裝?https://blog.51cto.com/13006632/2457769
mkdir?/data/{3306,3307}/data?-p三、配置文件my.cnf的添加
[client] port? =?3306????????????????????????#實(shí)例端口，另一個(gè)為3307 socket =?/data/3306/mysql.sock [mysql] no-auto-rehash [mysqld] user?=?mysql port?=?3306 socket?=/data/3306/mysql.sock basedir?=?/application/mysql datadir?=?/data/3306/data open_files_limit?=?1024 back_log?=?600 max_connections?=?800 max_connect_errors?=?3000 table_open_cache?=?614 external-locking?=?FALSE max_allowed_packet?=?8M sort_buffer_size?=?1M join_buffer_size?=?1M thread_cache_size?=?100 query_cache_size?=?2M query_cache_limit?=?1M #default_table_type?=?InnoDB thread_stack?=192k #transaction_isolation?=?READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size?=?2M max_heap_table_size?=?2M long_query_time?=?1 #log_long_format #log-error?=?/data/3306/error.log #log-slow-queries?=?/data/3306/slow.log pid-file?=?/data/3306/mysql.pid log-bin?=?/data/3306/mysql-bin relay-log?=/data/3306/relay-bin relay-log-info-file?=?/data/3306/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size?=?1M max_binlog_cache_size?=?1M max_binlog_size?=?2M? expire_logs_days?=?7? key_buffer_size?=?16M? read_buffer_size?=?1M? read_rnd_buffer_size?=?1M? bulk_insert_buffer_size?=?1M? #myisam_sort_buffer_size?=?1M #myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size?=?10G? #uyisam_repair_threads?=?1? #yisam_recover lower_case_table_names?=?1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors?=?1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db?=?mysql server-id?=?8? innodb_buffer_pool_size?=?32M innodb_data_file_path?=?ibdata1:128M:autoextend? innodb_thread_concurrency?=8? innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit?=?2? innodb_log_buffer_size?=?2M? innodb_log_file_size?=?4M innodb_log_files_in_group?=?3? innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct?=?90? innodb_lock_wait_timeout?=?120? innodb_file_per_table?=?0? [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet?=?2M [mysqld_safe] log-error?=?/data/3306/mysql_3306.err?? pid-file?=?/data/3306/mysqld.pid四、mysql腳本的添加
#!/bin/sh #init port=3306 mysql_user="root" mysql_pwd="123456" CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin" mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock" #startup?function function_start_mysql() { if?[?!?-e?"$mysql_sock"?];then printf?"Starting?MySQL...\n" /bin/sh?${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe?--defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf?2>&1?>?/dev/null?& else printf?"MySQL?is?running...\n" exit fi } #stop?function function_stop_mysql() { if?[?!?-e?"$mysql_sock"?];then printf?"MySQL?is?stopped...\n" exit else printf?"Stoping?MySQL...\n" ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin?-u${mysql_user}?-p${mysql_pwd}?-S?/data/${port}/mysql.sock?shutdown fi } #restart?function function_restart_mysql() { printf?"Restarting?MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql sleep?2 function_start_mysql } case?$1?in start) function_start_mysql ;; stop) function_stop_mysql ;; restart) function_restart_mysql ;; *) printf?"Usage:?/data/${port}/mysql?{start|stop|restart}\n" esac特別說明：來源于老男孩教育
啟動(dòng)原理
/bin/sh /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf
停止原理
/application/mysq/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -poldboy -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
將my.cnf修改為3306和3307后和mysql腳本，放在/data/3306和/data/3307下
[root@mysql?data]#?tree . ├──?3306 │???├──?data │???├──?my.cnf │???└──?mysql └──?3307 ????├──?data ????├──?my.cnf ????└──?mysql 4?directories,?4?files五、文件權(quán)限及所屬
chown?-R?mysql.mysql?/data find?/data?-type?f?-name?"mysql"?|xargs?chmod?700 find?/data?-type?f?-name?"mysql"?|xargs?ls?-l六、全局路徑配置
echo?'export?PATH=/application/mysq/bin:$PATH'?>>/etc/profile tail?-1?/etc/profile source?/etc/profile七、初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫
cd?/application/mysql/ ./bin/mysqld??--defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf??--initialize?--basedir=/application/mysql/?--datadir=/data/3306/data/?--user=mysql ./bin/mysqld?--defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf??--initialize?--basedir=/application/mysql/?--datadir=/data/3307/data/?--user=mysql八、mysql啟動(dòng)、關(guān)閉、登錄
/data/3307/mysql?start /data/3307/mysql?stop #mysql登錄 mysql?-S?/data/3307/mysql.sock???????????????????????????????? #修改密碼 mysqladmin?-uroot?-p'password'?password?'123456'?-S?/data/3307/mysql.sock #遠(yuǎn)程登錄多實(shí)例 mysql?-uuser?-p'password'?-h292.168.1.23?-P?3307九、報(bào)錯(cuò)處理
報(bào)錯(cuò)1：
啟動(dòng)不起來，日志顯示： 2019-12-12T17:51:06.643562Z?0?[ERROR]?InnoDB:?The?Auto-extending?innodb_system?data?file?'./ibdata1'?is?of?a?different?size?768?pages?(rounded?down?to?MB)?than?specified?in?the?.cnf?file:?initial?8192?pages,?max?0?(relevant?if?non-zero)?pages! 2019-12-12T17:51:06.643597Z?0?[ERROR]?InnoDB:?Plugin?initialization?aborted?with?error?Generic?error 2019-12-12T17:51:06.945987Z?0?[ERROR]?Plugin?'InnoDB'?init?function?returned?error. 2019-12-12T17:51:06.946185Z?0?[ERROR]?Plugin?'InnoDB'?registration?as?a?STORAGE?ENGINE?failed. 2019-12-12T17:51:06.946203Z?0?[ERROR]?Failed?to?initialize?plugins. 2019-12-12T17:51:06.946214Z?0?[ERROR]?Aborting解決方法：
初始化沒有加配置文件重新初始化
./bin/mysqld???--initialize?--defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf???--basedir=/application/mysql/?--datadir=/data/3307/data/?--user=mysql參數(shù)順序有問題如下：報(bào)錯(cuò)2報(bào)錯(cuò)2：
2019-12-12T18:24:10.667460Z?0?[ERROR]?unknown?variable?'defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf' 2019-12-12T18:24:10.667497Z?0?[ERROR]?Aborting原因見博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/jerry-rock/p/7380922.html
解決方法，修改成如下：
./bin/mysqld?--defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf??--initialize?--basedir=/application/mysql/?--datadir=/data/3307/data/?--user=mysql報(bào)錯(cuò)3：
2019-12-12T18:22:50.814935Z?0?[ERROR]?--initialize?specified?but?the?data?directory?has?files?in?it.?Aborting. 2019-12-12T18:22:50.814979Z?0?[ERROR]?Aborting原因：/data/3307/data/ 目錄有舊的初始化文件需要?jiǎng)h除清空。
解決方法：
rm?-fr?/data/3307/data/*報(bào)錯(cuò)4：
2019-12-12T18:29:32.841614Z?0?[ERROR]?unknown?variable?'table_cache=64'????????????????????????????#改為table_open_cache???? 2019-12-12T18:29:32.841644Z?0?[ERROR]?unknown?variable?'thread_concurrency=2'??????????????????????#需刪除?? 2019-12-12T19:04:17.320405Z?0?[ERROR]?unknown?variable?'innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=4M'????????#需刪除 2019-12-12T19:14:21.886638Z?0?[ERROR]?unknown?variable?'innodb_file_io_threads=4'??????????????????#需刪除 2019-12-12T18:29:32.841644Z?0?[ERROR]?Aborting原因見博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/putihk/p/7967829.html
mysql版本5.7，我用的my.cnf配置文件中參數(shù)名字改動(dòng)或刪減
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