本文主要給大家介紹Mysql5.5版本的一主多從配置講義，希望可以給大家補充和更新些知識，如有其它問題需要了解的可以持續(xù)在創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)行業(yè)資訊里面關注我的更新文章的。
1）實驗拓撲信息
mysql版本：5.5.32（基于源代碼安裝）
系統(tǒng)版本：CentOS6.7
10.10.10.129: mysql的主云服務器
10.10.10.130: mysql的從服務器
目的：
本地主從：
10.10.10.129 3306 --> 10.10.10.10.129 3307
異地主從：
10.10.10.129 3306 --> 10.10.10.10.130 3306
2）主庫上的配置
a、準備mysql的測試環(huán)境
先準備好mysql多實例環(huán)境，之前我已經寫過博客，這里就不重復了，可以參考http://molewan.blog.51cto.com/287340/1860198
b、在主庫（10.10.10.129）上開啟binlog記錄功能
# grep server-id /data/3306/my.cnf server-id = 1 # grep server-id /data/3307/my.cnf server-id = 3 # grep log-bin /data/3306/my.cnf log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin登陸數(shù)據(jù)庫進行查看：
# mysql -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -predhat12345 mysql> show variables like 'log_bin'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | log_bin | ON | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)c、建立用于主從復制的賬號
# mysql -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -predhat12345 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.10.10.%' identified by 'redhat12345'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; +------+------------+ | user | host | +------+------------+ | wan | % | | rep | 10.10.10.% | | wan | 10.10.10.% | | root | 127.0.0.1 | | root | ::1 | | | C67-X64-A8 | | root | C67-X64-A8 | | | localhost | | root | localhost | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host from mysql.user where user='rep'; +------+------------+ | user | host | +------+------------+ | rep | 10.10.10.% | +------+------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)d、實現(xiàn)對主數(shù)據(jù)庫鎖表只讀（當前窗口不要關閉）
mysql> flush table with read lock; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 重新打開一個窗口，鎖表后查看主庫狀態(tài)： # mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -predhat12345 mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000004 | 337 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)e、使用mysqldump進行數(shù)據(jù)庫備份：
# mysqldump -uroot -p'redhat12345' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock --events -A -B |gzip >/mysqlback/mysql_bak.$(date +%F).sql.gz # echo $? 0 # ls -l /mysqlback/ 總用量 144 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 144402 10月 9 02:54 mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz # du -sh /mysqlback/mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz 144K/mysqlback/mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz 為了確保導出數(shù)據(jù)期間，數(shù)據(jù)庫沒有數(shù)據(jù)插入，導庫完畢可以再次檢查主庫狀態(tài)信息 # mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -predhat12345 -e "show master status" +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000004 | 337 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+f、導出數(shù)據(jù)完畢后，解鎖主庫，恢復可寫
mysql> unlock tables; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)3）從庫上的配置
a、10.10.10.129 3307數(shù)據(jù)庫上的配置
# cd /mysqlback/ # ls mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz # gzip -d mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz # ls mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql # mysql -uroot -p'redhat12345' -S /data/3307/mysql.sock start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.10.10.129 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 337 Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 253 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 337 Relay_Log_Space: 403 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified主從復制是否成功，最關鍵的為下面的3項狀態(tài)參數(shù)：
# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"|egrep "IO_Running|SQL_Running|_Behind_Master" Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Seconds_Behind_Master: 0b、10.10.10.130 3306數(shù)據(jù)庫上的配置
# mkdir -p /mysqlback/ # scp /mysqlbackup/mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz 10.10.10.130:/mysqlback # gzip -d mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql.gz # ls mysql_bak.2016-10-09.sql # mysql -uroot -p'redhat12345' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.10.10.129 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 337 Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 253 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 337 Relay_Log_Space: 403 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified在10.10.10.130服務器上檢查
主從復制是否成功，最關鍵的為下面的3項狀態(tài)參數(shù)：
# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"|egrep "IO_Running|SQL_Running|_Behind_Master" Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Seconds_Behind_Master: 04）mysql主從同步測試
在10.10.10.129上查看數(shù)據(jù)庫：
[root@mysql-master ~]# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show databases;" +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh610 | +--------------------+ [root@mysql-master ~]# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show databases;" +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh610 | +--------------------+在10.10.10.130上查看數(shù)據(jù)庫：
[root@mysql-slave mysqlbackup]# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show databases;" +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh610 | +--------------------+通過對比，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，數(shù)據(jù)庫完全一致，然后我們在主庫上新建一個blog的數(shù)據(jù)庫
[root@mysql-master mysqlback]# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show databases;" +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | blog | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh610 | +--------------------+ [root@mysql-slave mysqlbackup]# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show databases;" +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | blog | | dawnpro | | eip | | ems | | hangzhou_dawnpro | | mysql | | performance_schema | | wh610 | +--------------------+ 主從同步到此完成5）注意事項
1）master與slave中的server-id要保持唯一 2）備份導出前要使用“flush table with read lock;”讓數(shù)據(jù)庫鎖表只讀，并且這個窗口不要關閉 3）slave上要start slave；接收信息 4）master與slave時間要保持一致看了以上關于Mysql5.5版本的一主多從配置講義，希望能給大家在實際運用中帶來一定的幫助。本文由于篇幅有限，難免會有不足和需要補充的地方，如有需要更加專業(yè)的解答，可在官網聯(lián)系我們的24小時售前售后，隨時幫您解答問題的。
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