varnish緩存代理

varnish 緩存是 web 應(yīng)用加速器，同時(shí)也作為 http 反向緩存代理。你可以安裝 varnish 在任何
http 的前端，同時(shí)配置它緩存內(nèi)容。與傳統(tǒng)的 squid 相比，varnish 具有性能更高、速度更
快、管理更加方便等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

varnish 完整配置實(shí)例
1、拓?fù)洵h(huán)境
Varnish:192.168.31.250
Web01:192.168.31.83
Web02:192.168.31.141
配置 web01、web02 做為后端服務(wù)器（過(guò)程略）
確保 varnish 服務(wù)器能正常訪(fǎng)問(wèn) web01、web02
Varnish 緩存代理服務(wù)器配置：

安裝 varnish
1、安裝依賴(lài)關(guān)系的軟件包（注：使用 centos 在線(xiàn) yum 源）

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[root@varnish ~]# yum -y install autoconf automake libedit-devel libtool ncurses-devel pcre-devel  pkgconfig python-docutils python-sphinx

2、安裝 varnish
Varnish 的官方網(wǎng)址為 http://varnish-cache.org，可以在這里下載最新版本的軟件。
下載地址：https://www.varnish-cache.org/content/varnish-cache-403
注意：Varnish 網(wǎng)站有時(shí)會(huì)被墻。
Git 下載：git clone https://github.com/varnish/Varnish-Cache /var/tmp/
解壓，進(jìn)入解壓目錄編譯安裝：

[root@varnish ~]# tar zxf varnish-4.0.3.tar.gz
[root@varnish ~]# cd varnish-4.0.3/
[root@varnish varnish-4.0.3]# export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig

注：
./autogen.sh
如果從 Git 庫(kù)下載的安裝包時(shí)才需要運(yùn)行，用于生成 configure 編譯文件。
配置：

[root@varnish varnish-4.0.3]# ./configure

注：不指定安裝路徑，默認(rèn)是安裝在/usr/local 目錄下
編譯、安裝

[root@varnish varnish-4.0.3]# make && make install

復(fù)制 vcl 文件（在編譯安裝目錄下），如果安裝目錄里沒(méi)有 default.vcl 文件。
復(fù)制到安裝目錄的/usr/local/var/varnish/目錄下（當(dāng)然并無(wú)必需要求在哪個(gè)目錄，因?yàn)檎?br/>啟動(dòng)時(shí)還得指定這個(gè)文件的目錄）
[root@varnish varnish-4.0.3]# cp etc/example.vcl /usr/local/var/varnish/default.vcl

配置default.vcl

[root@varnish varnish-4.0.3]#  vim /usr/loacl/var/varnish/default.vcl

vcl 4.0;

import directors;

import std;

probe backend_healthcheck {
   .url="/";
   .interval = 5s;
   .timeout = 1s;
   .window = 5;
   .threshold = 3;
}
backend web_app_01 {
   .host = "192.168.164.10";  #要改
   .port = "80";
   .first_byte_timeout = 9s;
   .connect_timeout = 3s;
   .between_bytes_timeout = 1s;
   .probe = backend_healthcheck;
}
backend web_app_02 {
   .host = "192.168.164.20";  #要改
   .port = "80";
   .first_byte_timeout = 9s;
   .connect_timeout = 3s;
   .between_bytes_timeout = 1s;
   .probe = backend_healthcheck;
} 
acl purgers {
   "127.0.0.1";
   "localhost";
   "192.168.164.0/24";      #添加網(wǎng)段
} 
sub vcl_init {
   new web = directors.round_robin();
   web.add_backend(web_app_01);
   web.add_backend(web_app_02);
} 
sub vcl_recv {

set req.backend_hint = web.backend();

if (req.method == "PURGE") {
   if (!client.ip ~ purgers) {
   return (synth(405, "Not Allowed."));
}

return (purge);
}

if (req.method != "GET" &&req.method != "HEAD" &&
req.method != "PUT" &&
req.method != "POST" &&
req.method != "TRACE" &&
req.method != "OPTIONS" &&
req.method != "PATCH" &&
req.method != "DELETE") {
return (pipe);
}

if (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD") {
return (pass);
} 
if (req.url ~ "\.(php|asp|aspx|jsp|do|ashx|shtml)($|\?)") {
return (pass);
}
if (req.http.Authorization) {
return (pass);
}
if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) {
if (req.url ~"\.(bmp|png|gif|jpg|jpeg|ico|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|zip|rar|mp3|mp4|ogg|swf|flv)$") {
unset req.http.Accept-Encoding;
} elseif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") {
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip";
} elseif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") {
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate";
} else {
unset req.http.Accept-Encoding;
}
}
if (req.url ~"\.(css|js|html|htm|bmp|png|gif|jpg|jpeg|ico|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|zip|rar|mp3|mp4|ogg|swf|flv)($|\?)") {
unset req.http.cookie;
return (hash);
}

if (req.restarts == 0) {
if (req.http.X-Forwarded-For) {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip;
} else {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;
}
}
return (hash);
}

sub vcl_hash {
hash_data(req.url);
if (req.http.host) {
hash_data(req.http.host);
} else {
hash_data(server.ip);
}
return (lookup);
}

sub vcl_hit {
   if (req.method == "PURGE") {
   return (synth(200, "Purged."));
   }
   return (deliver);
}

sub vcl_miss {
if (req.method == "PURGE") {
return (synth(404, "Purged."));
}
return (fetch);
}

sub vcl_deliver {
if (obj.hits > 0) {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT";
set resp.http.X-Cache-Hits = obj.hits;
} else {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS";
} 
unset resp.http.X-Powered-By;

unset resp.http.Server;
unset resp.http.X-Drupal-Cache;
unset resp.http.Via;
unset resp.http.Link;
unset resp.http.X-Varnish;

set resp.http.xx_restarts_count = req.restarts;

set resp.http.xx_Age = resp.http.Age;

set resp.http.hit_count = obj.hits;

unset resp.http.Age;

return (deliver);
}

sub vcl_pass {
return (fetch);
} 

sub vcl_backend_response {
set beresp.grace = 5m;

if (beresp.status == 499 || beresp.status == 404 || beresp.status == 502) {
set beresp.uncacheable = true;
} 
if (bereq.url ~ "\.(php|jsp)(\?|$)") {
set beresp.uncacheable = true;
} else { 
if (bereq.url ~ "\.(css|js|html|htm|bmp|png|gif|jpg|jpeg|ico)($|\?)") {
set beresp.ttl = 15m;
unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;
} elseif (bereq.url ~ "\.(gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|zip|rar|mp3|mp4|ogg|swf|flv)($|\?)") {
set beresp.ttl = 30m;
unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;
} else {
set beresp.ttl = 10m;
unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;
}
}
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_purge {
return (synth(200,"success"));
}
sub vcl_backend_error {
if (beresp.status == 500 ||
beresp.status == 501 ||
beresp.status == 502 ||
beresp.status == 503 ||
beresp.status == 504) {
return (retry);
}
}
sub vcl_fini {
return (ok);
 }

**啟動(dòng) varnish**
[root@varnish ~]# /usr/local/sbin/varnishd -f /usr/local/var/varnish/default.vcl -s
malloc,200M -a 0.0.0.0:80
[root@varnish ~]# netstat -anpt | grep 80

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名稱(chēng)欄目：什么是varnish緩存代理？如何安裝和配置？-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)
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