address of 顧名思義,就是地址指向,每個函數(shù)都有一個地址,address of后面加函數(shù)名稱。
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handels 事件,你看看按鈕的單擊事件,窗體的啟動事件,每個后面都有這個。
delegate 就是聲明一個委托了。
我也不好詳細(xì)說,其實(shí)你上Baidu搜這幾個關(guān)鍵字加上點(diǎn)注解,比如“delegate的用法”,N多!
可以在選定全部子節(jié)點(diǎn)前,發(fā)送一個變量給全部子節(jié)點(diǎn)(有個tag屬性可以利用),告訴它們不應(yīng)該執(zhí)行某事件(if語句)。
委托是可用于調(diào)用其他對象方法的對象。它們有時被稱為類型安全函數(shù)指針,因為它們與其他編程語言中所使用的函數(shù)指針相似。但不同于函數(shù)指針,Visual Basic .NET 委托是基于 System.Delegate 類的引用類型,它可以引用共享方法 —無需特定的類實(shí)例即可調(diào)用的方法和實(shí)例方法。
委托在調(diào)用過程和被調(diào)用過程需要媒介的情況下是很有用的。例如,您可能想讓一個引發(fā)事件的對象能夠在不同的環(huán)境下調(diào)用不同的事件處理程序。不幸的是,引發(fā)事件的對象無法提前知道處理特定事件的事件處理程序。Visual Basic .NET 通過在使用 AddHandler 語句時創(chuàng)建委托,可讓您動態(tài)地將事件處理程序與事件關(guān)聯(lián)。在運(yùn)行時,委托將各種調(diào)用轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到相應(yīng)的事件處理程序。
盡管可以創(chuàng)建自己的委托,但在大多數(shù)情況下,Visual Basic .NET 為您創(chuàng)建委托并提供具體信息。例如,Event 語句將名為 EventNameEventHandler 的委托類隱式定義為 Event 語句所在類的嵌套類,且其簽字與該事件相同。AddressOf 語句則隱式創(chuàng)建委托的實(shí)例。例如,以下兩行代碼是等效的:
AddHandler Button1.Click, AddressOf Me.Button1_Click
' AddHandler 指向引發(fā)事件的對象,AddressOf則確定該事件對象所要調(diào)用的事件處理程序
'上述行為又可以稱為 監(jiān) 視
AddHandler Button1.Click, New EventHandler(AddressOf Button1_Click)。
一委托:此示例演示如何將方法與委托關(guān)聯(lián)然后通過委托調(diào)用該方法。
創(chuàng)建委托和匹配過程
創(chuàng)建一個名為 MySubDelegate 的委托。
Delegate Sub MySubDelegate(ByVal x As Integer)
聲明一個類,該類包含與該委托具有相同簽名的方法。
Class class1
Sub Sub1(ByVal x As Integer)
MsgBox("The value of x is: " CStr(x))
End Sub
End Class
定義一個方法,該方法創(chuàng)建該委托的實(shí)例并通過調(diào)用內(nèi)置的 Invoke 方法調(diào)用與該委托關(guān)聯(lián)的方法。
Protected Sub DelegateTest()
Dim c1 As New class1
' Create an instance of the delegate.
Dim msd As MySubDelegate = AddressOf c1.Sub1
' Call the method.
msd.Invoke(10)
End Sub
二、事件
下面的示例程序闡釋如何在一個類中引發(fā)一個事件,然后在另一個類中處理該事件。AlarmClock 類定義公共事件 Alarm,并提供引發(fā)該事件的方法。AlarmEventArgs 類派生自 EventArgs,并定義 Alarm 事件特定的數(shù)據(jù)。WakeMeUp 類定義處理 Alarm 事件的 AlarmRang 方法。AlarmDriver 類一起使用類,將使用 WakeMeUp 的 AlarmRang 方法設(shè)置為處理 AlarmClock 的 Alarm 事件。
該示例程序使用事件和委托和引發(fā)事件中詳細(xì)說明的概念。
示例
' EventSample.vb.
'
Option Explicit
Option Strict
Imports System
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic
Namespace EventSample
' Class that contains the data for
' the alarm event. Derives from System.EventArgs.
'
Public Class AlarmEventArgs
Inherits EventArgs
Private _snoozePressed As Boolean
Private nrings As Integer
'Constructor.
'
Public Sub New(snoozePressed As Boolean, nrings As Integer)
Me._snoozePressed = snoozePressed
Me.nrings = nrings
End Sub
' The NumRings property returns the number of rings
' that the alarm clock has sounded when the alarm event
' is generated.
'
Public ReadOnly Property NumRings() As Integer
Get
Return nrings
End Get
End Property
' The SnoozePressed property indicates whether the snooze
' button is pressed on the alarm when the alarm event is generated.
'
Public ReadOnly Property SnoozePressed() As Boolean
Get
Return _snoozePressed
End Get
End Property
' The AlarmText property that contains the wake-up message.
'
Public ReadOnly Property AlarmText() As String
Get
If _snoozePressed Then
Return "Wake Up!!! Snooze time is over."
Else
Return "Wake Up!"
End If
End Get
End Property
End Class
' Delegate declaration.
'
Public Delegate Sub AlarmEventHandler(sender As Object, _
e As AlarmEventArgs)
' The Alarm class that raises the alarm event.
'
Public Class AlarmClock
Private _snoozePressed As Boolean = False
Private nrings As Integer = 0
Private stopFlag As Boolean = False
' The Stop property indicates whether the
' alarm should be turned off.
'
Public Property [Stop]() As Boolean
Get
Return stopFlag
End Get
Set
stopFlag = value
End Set
End Property
' The SnoozePressed property indicates whether the snooze
' button is pressed on the alarm when the alarm event is generated.
'
Public Property SnoozePressed() As Boolean
Get
Return _snoozePressed
End Get
Set
_snoozePressed = value
End Set
End Property
' The event member that is of type AlarmEventHandler.
'
Public Event Alarm As AlarmEventHandler
' The protected OnAlarm method raises the event by invoking
' the delegates. The sender is always this, the current instance
' of the class.
'
Protected Overridable Sub OnAlarm(e As AlarmEventArgs)
RaiseEvent Alarm(Me, e)
End Sub
' This alarm clock does not have
' a user interface.
' To simulate the alarm mechanism it has a loop
' that raises the alarm event at every iteration
' with a time delay of 300 milliseconds,
' if snooze is not pressed. If snooze is pressed,
' the time delay is 1000 milliseconds.
'
Public Sub Start()
Do
nrings += 1
If stopFlag Then
Exit Do
Else
If _snoozePressed Then
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000)
If (True) Then
Dim e As New AlarmEventArgs(_snoozePressed, nrings)
OnAlarm(e)
End If
Else
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(300)
Dim e As New AlarmEventArgs(_snoozePressed, nrings)
OnAlarm(e)
End If
End If
Loop
End Sub
End Class
' The WakeMeUp class has a method AlarmRang that handles the
' alarm event.
'
Public Class WakeMeUp
Public Sub AlarmRang(sender As Object, e As AlarmEventArgs)
Console.WriteLine((e.AlarmText + ControlChars.Cr))
If Not e.SnoozePressed Then
If e.NumRings Mod 10 = 0 Then
Console.WriteLine(" Let alarm ring? Enter Y")
Console.WriteLine(" Press Snooze? Enter N")
Console.WriteLine(" Stop Alarm? Enter Q")
Dim input As String = Console.ReadLine()
If input.Equals("Y") Or input.Equals("y") Then
Return
Else
If input.Equals("N") Or input.Equals("n") Then
CType(sender, AlarmClock).SnoozePressed = True
Return
Else
CType(sender, AlarmClock).Stop = True
Return
End If
End If
End If
Else
Console.WriteLine(" Let alarm ring? Enter Y")
Console.WriteLine(" Stop Alarm? Enter Q")
Dim input As String = Console.ReadLine()
If input.Equals("Y") Or input.Equals("y") Then
Return
Else
CType(sender, AlarmClock).Stop = True
Return
End If
End If
End Sub
End Class
' The driver class that hooks up the event handling method of
' WakeMeUp to the alarm event of an Alarm object using a delegate.
' In a forms-based application, the driver class is the
' form.
'
Public Class AlarmDriver
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Instantiates the event receiver.
Dim w As New WakeMeUp()
' Instantiates the event source.
Dim clock As New AlarmClock()
' Wires the AlarmRang method to the Alarm event.
AddHandler clock.Alarm, AddressOf w.AlarmRang
clock.Start()
End Sub
End Class
End Namespace
不能透過e來屏蔽不需要的事件?
死循環(huán)是怎么防止的?道理一樣吧
可以在選定全部子節(jié)點(diǎn)前,發(fā)送一個變量給全部子節(jié)點(diǎn)(有個tag屬性可以利用),告訴它們不應(yīng)該執(zhí)行某事件(if語句)。
沒測試,不知道行不行。
1、是的,作用域的區(qū)別如下:
Public 公有成員,表示所有模塊的所有其它過程都可訪問這個成員。
Private
私有成員,表示只在其類的塊中,唯有友元(Friend)才可以訪問,屬私有對象。其他地方均不可以訪問。
Protected 半私有成員,表示只在其類的塊中,或者是派生類中,友元才能訪問。
Friend
友元,設(shè)置成友元的情況下下,可以不受public跟private的約束,可以進(jìn)行私有成員的訪問。
所以兩個不同的模塊中唯有 Public 是可以互相訪問的。
2、能觸發(fā)。
Private 是相對于其他類來講是 Private 的,對于 C1 本身是可以訪問的。既然 class2 是 C2 的實(shí)例,并繼承了 C1,那么是可以觸發(fā) C1 中的 Private 過程的。