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oracle怎么建包,如何建立包

請問Oracle中如何在通過創(chuàng)建一個package,然后在package中創(chuàng)建procedure的語法是怎么樣的啊

先create package,在里面聲明procedure

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然后再create package body,在package body里面編寫procedure的代碼即可(相當(dāng)于create procedure)。

包里沒有create procedure

示例如下:

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE pkg_test IS

PROCEDURE pro_test(V_OLD IN VARCHAR2,V_NEW IN VARCHAR2);

...

END test;

/

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY pkg_test IS

...

PROCEDURE pro_test(V_OLD IN VARCHAR2,V_NEW IN VARCHAR2) IS

BEGIN

...

END;

...

END pkg_test;

oracle創(chuàng)建包?和存儲過程

--創(chuàng)建包頭

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE ELS.pkg_proxy

AS

TYPE cursortype IS REF CURSOR;

-- 得到交接確認(rèn)代理人數(shù)據(jù)

PROCEDURE get_proxy_info (

v_emp_no IN VARCHAR2, --當(dāng)前登錄用戶

v_to_emp_no IN VARCHAR2, --代理人工號

v_to_emp_name IN VARCHAR2, --代理人姓名

v_proxy_date1 IN VARCHAR2, --代理開始時間: yyyy/mm/dd

v_proxy_date2 IN VARCHAR2, --代理結(jié)束時間: yyyy/mm/dd

v_from_emp_no IN VARCHAR2, --被代理人工號

v_from_emp_name IN VARCHAR2, --被代理人姓名

p_cursor OUT cursortype

);

END pkg_proxy;

--創(chuàng)建包頭

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY ELS.pkg_proxy

AS

-- 得到交接確認(rèn)代理人數(shù)據(jù)

PROCEDURE get_proxy_info (

v_emp_no IN VARCHAR2, --當(dāng)前登錄用戶

v_to_emp_no IN VARCHAR2, --代理人工號

v_to_emp_name IN VARCHAR2, --代理人姓名

v_proxy_date1 IN VARCHAR2, --代理開始時間: yyyy/mm/dd

v_proxy_date2 IN VARCHAR2, --代理結(jié)束時間: yyyy/mm/dd

v_from_emp_no IN VARCHAR2, --被代理人工號

v_from_emp_name IN VARCHAR2, --被代理人姓名

p_cursor OUT cursortype

)

AS

BEGIN

OPEN p_cursor FOR

WITH v AS

(

--查找當(dāng)前登錄人是否為管理員

SELECT *

FROM employee

WHERE dept_id IN (

SELECT ID

FROM department

START WITH ID =

(SELECT dept_id

FROM employee

WHERE emp_no = v_emp_no

AND is_admin IN (

SELECT r_value

FROM role_conditions

WHERE r_key =

'ProxySearch')

UNION

SELECT dept_id

FROM employee_add

WHERE emp_no = v_emp_no

AND is_admin IN (

SELECT r_value

FROM role_conditions

WHERE r_key =

'ProxySearch'))

CONNECT BY PRIOR ID = parent_id)

UNION

SELECT *

FROM employee

WHERE emp_no = v_emp_no)

SELECT DISTINCT *

FROM (SELECT a.currentuser, a.toagrentuser,

DECODE (a.agent_type,

'A', '當(dāng)前交接確認(rèn)代理',

'B', '將來離職簽核代理',

'C', '當(dāng)前離職簽核代理',

'D', '將來交接確認(rèn)代理',

''

) agent_type,

a.from_date, a.TO_DATE,

DECODE

(a.to_date1,

'', '無',

TO_CHAR (a.TO_DATE,

'yyyy/mm/dd am hh:mi:ss'

)

) to_date1,

a.flowinfo, b.emp_cname AS currentusername,

b1.emp_cname AS toagrentusername, workitem

FROM (

--當(dāng)前交接確認(rèn)代理

SELECT SUBSTR

(x.currentuser,

1,

INSTR (x.currentuser, '(') - 1

) AS currentuser,

SUBSTR

(x.toagrentuser,

1,

INSTR (x.toagrentuser, '(') - 1

) AS toagrentuser,

'A' AS agent_type,

x.create_date AS from_date,

x.create_date AS TO_DATE,

NULL AS to_date1, x.workid,

NULL AS formid, y.NAME workitem,

(SELECT e.emp_no

|| '('

|| e.emp_cname

|| ')'

FROM employee e

WHERE e.emp_no = y.emp_no)

AS flowinfo

FROM currentworkagrent x,

worktransferitem_m y

WHERE x.workid = y.ID

UNION ALL

--將來交接確認(rèn)代理

SELECT SUBSTR

(currentuser,

1,

INSTR (currentuser, '(') - 1

) AS currentuser,

SUBSTR

(toagrent,

1,

INSTR (toagrent, '(') - 1

) AS toagrent,

'D' AS agent_type, starttime,

endtime, endtime AS to_date1, NULL,

NULL, NULL, NULL

FROM futureagrent) a,

employee b,

employee b1

WHERE a.currentuser = b.emp_no(+)

AND a.toagrentuser = b1.emp_no(+)) a

WHERE currentuser IN (SELECT emp_no

FROM v)

AND (currentuser = v_from_emp_no OR v_from_emp_no IS NULL

)

AND ( currentusername = v_from_emp_name

OR v_from_emp_name IS NULL

)

AND (toagrentuser = v_to_emp_no OR v_to_emp_no IS NULL)

AND ( toagrentusername = v_to_emp_name

OR v_to_emp_name IS NULL

)

AND from_date =

TO_DATE (NVL (v_proxy_date2, '2099/12/31'),

'yyyy/mm/dd'

)

AND TO_DATE =

TO_DATE (NVL (v_proxy_date1, '1000/12/31'),

'yyyy/mm/dd'

)

ORDER BY a.agent_type, a.from_date DESC;

END;

END pkg_proxy;

oracle11g部署搭建

1.配置hostname

[root@oracledb ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname oracledb

[root@oracledb ~]#echo " 10.100.1.10 oracledb" /etc/hosts

2.關(guān)閉selinux和防火墻

[root@oracledb ~]#sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config

[root@oracledb ~]#setenforce 0

[root@oracledb ~]#systemctl stop firewalld

[root@oracledb ~]#systemctl disable firewalld

[root@oracledb ~]#systemctl status firewalld

3.下載Oracle軟件包 且上傳到服務(wù)器上,進(jìn)行解壓縮

建議使用winSCP工具進(jìn)行上傳到服務(wù)器的/opt目錄下

[root@oracledb ~]# ls -lh /opt/

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.2G Mar 30 16:12 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.1G Mar 30 16:11 linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

4.安裝oracle環(huán)境所需要的依賴包-配置YUM源

安裝依賴包之前,一定要設(shè)置好服務(wù)器上的安裝源,原因是:可以在沒有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的時候安裝服務(wù)所需依賴包;常用的安裝源有兩種方式:

(1) 配置本地yum源

新建配置文件vi /etc/yum.repos.d/localsource.repo輸入如下內(nèi)容:

[localsource]

name=localsource

baseurl=

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

(2) 生成本地yum 緩存

注意:從Oracle 11g 11.2.0.2版本開始,在Linux x86_64上安裝時,只需要安裝64位的軟件包,但是,對于11.2.0.2之前的任何Oracle database 11g,下表中列出的32位和64位的安裝包都必須安裝

5.安裝oracle環(huán)境所需要的依賴包-安裝依賴包

(1)安裝依賴包

[root@oracledb ~]# yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel unzip

(2)安裝完成后,檢查依賴是否全部安裝成功

[root@oracledb ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel unzip | grep "not installed"

(3)創(chuàng)建所需的用戶組和用戶

如果要安裝Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫,通常需要以下本地操作系統(tǒng)用戶組和用戶:

Oracle inventory組(通常為 oinstall)

OSDBA組 (通常為 dba)

OSOPER組 (通常為 oper)

Oracle軟件所有者(通常為 oracle)

創(chuàng)建用戶組和用戶:

[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd dba

[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd oper

[root@oracledb ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

(4)修改oracle用戶密碼:建議密碼配置為字符+數(shù)字+特殊字符

[root@oracledb ~]# passwd oracle

6.配置內(nèi)核參數(shù)和資源限制

(1)編輯配置文件vi /etc/sysctl.conf添加如下參數(shù):

vm.max_map_count = 655360

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 ###最小值: 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

注意:如果系統(tǒng)中某個參數(shù)高于上面的參數(shù)的值 ,保留較大的值,上面的數(shù)值只是官方要求的最小值,可以根據(jù)系統(tǒng)調(diào)整數(shù)值,以優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)性能

(2)使內(nèi)核參數(shù)生效

[root@oracledb ~]# sysctl -p

7.創(chuàng)建oracle安裝目錄

如下目錄,根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際情況可做修改:

[root@oracledb ~]# mkdir -p /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

[root@oracledb ~]# cd /data/app/oracle/

[root@oracledb oracle]# mkdir oradata inventory fast_recovery_area

[root@oracledb ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/app/oracle

[root@oracledb ~]# chmod -R 775 /data/app/oracle

8.配置oracle用戶環(huán)境變量

編輯配置文件vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile添加如下內(nèi)容:

export ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

9. 解壓下載好的兩個Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫文件

[root@oracledb ~]# cd /opt

[root@oracledb ~]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /data

[root@oracledb ~]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /data

10. 編輯靜默安裝響應(yīng)文件

(1)切換到oracle用戶執(zhí)行

[root@oracledb ~]# su - oracle

(2)切換到響應(yīng)文件的目錄下

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ cp -R /data/database/response/ .

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ cd response/

[oracle@oracledb response]$ ls

dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp

11.修改配置文件:vi /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp,修改以下變量的值

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/app/oracle/inventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

12. 開始靜默安裝Oracle 11g

(1)開始安裝oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ cd /data/database

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq

注意:安裝期間可以使用tail命令查看oracle的安裝日志,且日志文件名稱是根

據(jù)自己的實(shí)際執(zhí)行時間確定的,安裝日志文件會在安裝時提示,需要等待3分鐘左右,注意不要停止運(yùn)行;安裝完成后有如下提示,如果有類似如下提示,說明安裝完成。

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.

#!/bin/sh

#Root scripts to run

/data/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue

Successfully Setup Software.

13.使用 root用戶執(zhí)行腳本

(1)切換到root用戶執(zhí)行

[root@oracledb ~]# su - root

(2)執(zhí)行兩個用戶腳本

[root@oracledb ~]# sh /data/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh

[root@oracledb ~]# sh /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

14.配置監(jiān)聽程序

(1)切換到oracle用戶執(zhí)行(建議退出重進(jìn)oracle用戶)

[root@oracledb ~]# su - oracle

(2)配置監(jiān)聽,查看輸出結(jié)果

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/response/netca.rsp

(3)查看監(jiān)聽服務(wù)狀態(tài),若沒啟動需要啟動

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl status

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl start

查看結(jié)果:

Parsing command line arguments:

Parameter "silent" = true

Parameter "responsefile" = /data/etc/netca.rsp

Done parsing command line arguments.

Oracle Net Services Configuration:

Profile configuration complete.

Oracle Net Listener Startup:

Running Listener Control:

/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

Listener Control complete.

Listener started successfully.

Listener configuration complete.

Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

(4)查看監(jiān)聽端口

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ netstat -tnpl | grep 1521

15.靜默創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫

GDBNAME = "orcl"

SID = "orcl"

SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"

DATAFILEDESTINATION =/data/app/oracle/oradata

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TOTALMEMORY = " 6552 "

##其中TOTALMEMORY = " 6552 " 為6552 MB,物理內(nèi)存8G*80%

(2)切換到oracle用戶執(zhí)行

[root@oracledb ~]# su - oracle

(3)執(zhí)行靜默建庫

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp

執(zhí)行過程如下:

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/data/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.

(4)查看進(jìn)程

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

(5)再次查看監(jiān)聽狀態(tài)進(jìn)行確認(rèn)

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl status

結(jié)果顯示:

The command completed successfully

16.至此數(shù)據(jù)庫就安裝成功了,下面我們登錄下數(shù)據(jù)庫

(1)切換到oracle用戶執(zhí)行

[root@oracledb ~]# su - oracle

(2)登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

(3)查詢實(shí)例狀態(tài)

SQLselect status from v$instance;

(4)查看數(shù)據(jù)庫版本

SQL select * from v$version;

(5)激活scott用戶

SQLalter user scott account unlock;

SQLalter user scott identified by tiger;

SQLselect username,account_status from dba_users;

17.設(shè)置Oracle開機(jī)啟動

(1)修改配置文件vi /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart 修改如下內(nèi)容:

將腳本中的ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改為ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

(2)修改配置文件vi /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbshut 修改如下內(nèi)容:

將腳本中的ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改為ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

(3)修改配置文件 vi /etc/oratab修改如下內(nèi)容,

orcl:/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:Y

(4)新建文件:vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle 注意:建議全部復(fù)制腳本內(nèi)容

#! /bin/bash

# oracle: Start/Stop Oracle Database 11g R2

# chkconfig: 345 90 10

# description: The Oracle Database is an Object-Relational Database Management System.

# processname: oracle

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_USER=oracle

case "$1" in

start)

if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

echo $0 already running.

exit 1

fi

echo -n #34;Starting Oracle Database:"

su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"

su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"

su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

touch $LOCKFILE

;;

stop)

if [ ! -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

echo $0 already stopping.

exit 1

fi

echo -n #34;Stopping Oracle Database:"

su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"

su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"

su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"

rm -f $LOCKFILE

;;

restart)

$0 stop

$0 start

;;

status)

if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

echo $0 started.

else

echo $0 stopped.

fi

;;

*)

echo "Usage: $0 [start|stop|status]"

exit 1

esac

exit 0

(5)給 /etc/init.d/oracle添加執(zhí)行權(quán)限

[root@oracledb ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracle

(6)開機(jī)啟動oracle

[root@oracledb ~]# chkconfig oracle on

(7)給啟動文件加權(quán)限

[root@oracledb ~]# cd /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/

[root@oracledb bin]# chmod 6751 oracle

[root@oracledb bin]# cd /var/tmp

[root@oracledb tmp]# chown -R oracle:oinstall .oracle

(8)重啟測試

[root@oracledb ~]# reboot

(9)切換到oracle用戶登錄狀態(tài)下

[root@oracledb ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

(10)解除鎖定

SQL alter user SYSTEM account unlock;

(11)這時候就可以用Navicat連接了

SQL conn;

用戶名:SYSTEM

密碼:oracle

如果不能正確連接,改下密碼試試

alter user system identified by 新密碼

[root@oracledb ~]# mkdir -p /data/szzt

[root@oracledb ~]# cd /data/

[root@oracledb data]# chown oracle:oinstall -R szzt

[root@oracledb data]# ll

total 0

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 20 Apr 8 21:14 app

drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 128 Aug 21 2009 database

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 Apr 14 16:17 szzt

[root@oracledb ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL conn cshi

Enter password: 登錄失敗

Connected.

SQL create temporary tablespace DB_DATA_TMP tempfile'/data/szzt/DB_DATA_TMP.dbf' size 500m autoextend on next 100m maxsize 10240m extent management local;

顯示結(jié)果:

Tablespace created.

SQL create tablespace DB_DATA logging datafile'/data/szzt/DB_DATA.dbf' size 2048m autoextend on next 100m maxsize 10240m extent management local;

顯示結(jié)果:

Tablespace created.

SQL create user ceshi identified by ceshi default tablespace DB_DATA temporary tablespace DB_DATA_TMP;

顯示結(jié)果:

User created.

SQL grant dba to ceshi;

顯示結(jié)果:

Grant succeeded.

SQL conn ceshi ###用戶名和密碼一樣,此時登錄成功

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ cd /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/

注意:數(shù)據(jù)庫導(dǎo)出操作是在 源服務(wù)器 上進(jìn)行

[oracle@oracledb bin]$ exp 用戶名/密碼@ IP地址 /orcl file =/data/szzt/ceshi.dmp owner='用戶名'

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

注意:數(shù)據(jù)庫導(dǎo)入操作是在 目標(biāo)服務(wù)器 上進(jìn)行

[oracle@oracledb bin]$ imp ceshi/ceshi@ 10.100.1.10 /orcl file=/data/szzt/ceshi.dmp fromuser=ceshi touser=ceshi

顯示結(jié)果:可以看到導(dǎo)入的表過程(10.100.1.10是自己的目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器)

Import terminated successfully without warnings .

(1)、數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入完畢后,我們可以使用DBeaver對數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程管理

(2)、測試連接,沒問題后完成新建

(3)、連接上來后,我們就可以使用工具來進(jìn)行管理數(shù)據(jù)庫

oracle中利用存儲過程、函數(shù)、包

請說明您所謂的排名是怎么排名的 是按工號還是按工資排名???

如何創(chuàng)建自己的InstantClient包

IC介紹

許多人正在使用Oracle Instant Client,它提供一個部署基于OCI、OCCI、JDBC OCI應(yīng)用容易和快速的方法。

通過添加更多的工具,Instant Client可以變成一個更加強(qiáng)大的工具,如下:

1. tnsping

2. sqlldr

3. tkprf

4. exp/imp

5. OCM

6. 你自己的工具

這樣做的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是:

1. 安裝是一件輕而易舉的事情,只要解壓即可完成。

2. 體積小,未壓縮100MB到150MB或壓縮50MB,它可以安裝在USB盤上

3. 不涉及到SA(軟件架構(gòu))

比較一個完整的Oracle安裝需要大量的磁盤空間,而且還涉及到SA。

IC需求

1. 一個帶有150MB+磁盤空間的Unix/Linux賬號:

hadoop@192.168.8.162:/home/hadoop/oracle

2. 安裝Oracle 11gR2的相同平臺,一個具有讀訪問權(quán)限的賬號:

root@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1

IC安裝

從Oracle官方網(wǎng)址下載安裝包,

注:請根據(jù)操作系統(tǒng)版本下載相應(yīng)的安裝包,這里下載Linux X86-64安裝包。

instantclient-basic-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

instantclient-jdbc-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

注:下載Instant Client時需要創(chuàng)建一個Oracle賬號才能下載。

使用SSH客戶端使用安裝賬號登錄到服務(wù)器,在根目錄下創(chuàng)建一個oracle目錄:

$mkdir /home/hadoop/oracle

上傳所有壓縮包或至少basic和sqlplus兩個包到你賬號的根目錄下oracle中。

解壓到當(dāng)前目錄下完成安裝。

$ cd /home/hadoop/oracle

$ unzipinstantclient-basic-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

$ unzipinstantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

$ unzip instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

$ unzip instantclient-jdbc-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

解壓完畢后會在當(dāng)前目錄下生成一個instantclient_11_2目錄。

$ ll /home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2

IC配置

配置下面的環(huán)境變量到你的Shell配置文件中。

$ vi ~/.bashrc

跳到文件的末尾,添加下面這些環(huán)境變量:

export RACLE_IC_HOME=/home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2

exportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_IC_HOME

exportTNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_IC_HOME

exportPATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_IC_HOME

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_IC_HOME

exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_IC_HOME/ojdbc6.jar:./

$ source ~/. bashrc

或 $ . ~/.bashrc

注:如果需要讓所有用戶都能使用,需要把上面的配置添加/etc/profile中。

在$ORACLE_IC_HOME目錄下創(chuàng)建一個tnsnames.ora文件:

$ vi /home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2/tnsnames.ora

orcl=(description=(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=192.168.8.161)(port=1521))(connect_data=(server=dedicated)(service_name=wcdma)))

ora =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.161)(PORT = 1521)))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER =DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = wcdma)))

SQL*Plus

$ sqlplus kqi/kqi@192.168.8.161:1521/wcdma

$ sqlplus kqi/kqi@orcl

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production onThu Nov 20 14:01:49 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise EditionRelease 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Miningand Real Application Testing options

SQL

ERROR:

ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve theconnect identifier specified

對于這種問題,排除添加的配置格式錯誤后??赡茉蚴亲x取的tnsnames.ora路徑根本就不是$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin下。

注:tnsnames.ora文件的查找路徑順序?yàn)椋?/p>

$HOME = $TNS_ADMIN = /etc =$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/。

現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)有一個構(gòu)建自己的Instant Client包的基礎(chǔ)了。下面是Instant Client的核心文件(位于/home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2中):

1. libclntsh.so.11.1:客戶端代碼庫

2. libociei.so:OCI InstantClient數(shù)據(jù)共享庫

3. libnnz11.so:安全庫

4. libocci.so.11.1:Oracle C++調(diào)用接口庫

5. libocijdbc11.so:JDBC OCI庫

6. ojdbc6/5.jar:JDBC驅(qū)動(OCI和Thin)

7. orai18n.jar:字符集轉(zhuǎn)換和本地支持庫

Tnsping

從安裝Oracle的服務(wù)器上拷貝tnsping過來,執(zhí)行命令:

$ cd /home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2

$ scp root@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnsping./

現(xiàn)在讓在IC安裝服務(wù)器上嘗試運(yùn)行下它:

$ tnsping ora

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 20-NOV-2014 14:30:21

Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Message 3511 not found; No message file forproduct=network, facility=TNSMessage 3512 not found; No message file forproduct=network, facility=TNSMessage 3513 not found; No message file forproduct=network, facility=TNSMessage 3509 not found; No message file forproduct=network, facility=TNS

運(yùn)行后tnsping抱怨一些文件丟失,更具體的說一個消息文件丟失。現(xiàn)在,我們把該文件從Oracle安裝服務(wù)器上拷貝過來,進(jìn)入到instantclient_11_2目錄:

$ mkdir -p network/mesg

$ cd network/mesg/

現(xiàn)在從安裝Oracle服務(wù)上拷貝tnsus.msb文件到該目錄中:

$ scp root@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/network/mesg/tnsus.msb ./

讓我們再嘗試一次tnsping,結(jié)果如下:

$ tnsping ora

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 20-NOV-2014 14:49:54

Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:

Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.161)(PORT =1521)))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = wcdma)))

OK (0 msec)

Sqlldr

本節(jié)將添加另外一個工具sqlldr。

首先,我們從安裝Oracle的服務(wù)器上拷貝sqlldr到IC安裝目錄instantclient_11_2下。

$ cd /home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2

$ scproot@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/bin/sqlldr ./

嘗試運(yùn)行它:

$ sqlldr

Message 2100 not found; No message file forproduct=RDBMS, facility=ULMessage 2100 not found; No message file forproduct=RDBMS, facility=UL

首先我們需要在instantclient_11_2下創(chuàng)建rdbms/mesg目錄。

$ cd /home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2

$ mkdir -p rdbms/mesg

$ cd rdbms/mesg

把ORACLE安裝目錄下rdmsb/mesg/ulus.msb拷貝到當(dāng)前目錄。

$ scp root@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/ulus.msb./

現(xiàn)在,讓我們再次嘗試運(yùn)行它。

$ sqlldr

SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Productionon Thu Nov 20 16:40:10 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.

Usage: SQLLDR keyword=value[,keyword=value,...]

Valid Keywords:

Exp/imp

從安裝Oracle服務(wù)器上拷貝二進(jìn)制文件過來。

$ cd /home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2

$ scp root@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/bin/imp ./

$ scp root@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/bin/exp ./

嘗試運(yùn)行imp和exp,結(jié)果如下:

$ imp

Message 100 not found; No message file forproduct=RDBMS, facility=IMP: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Nov 2017:02:57 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Orac

Invalid format of Import utility name

Verify that ORACLE_HOME is properly set

Import terminated unsuccessfully

IMP-00000: Message 0 not found; No messagefile for product=RDBMS, facility=IMP

$ exp

Message 206 not found; No message file forproduct=RDBMS, facility=EXP: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Nov 20 17:03:392014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Orac

Invalid format of Export utility name

Verify that ORACLE_HOME is properly set

Export terminated unsuccessfully

EXP-00000: Message 0 not found; No messagefile for product=RDBMS, facility=EXP

再從安裝Oracle服務(wù)器上拷貝rdbms/mesg下的expus.msb和ipus.msb過來。

$ cd rdbms/mesg/

$ scproot@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/impus.msb ./

$ scproot@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/expus.msb ./

再次運(yùn)行imp/exp工具錯誤提示消失,可以正常運(yùn)行。

Tkprof

現(xiàn)在我們繼續(xù)添加我最喜歡的工具tkprof。

從安裝Oracle的服務(wù)器拷貝tkprof到instantclient_11_2目錄下。

$ cd /home/hadoop/oracle/instantclient_11_2

$ scp root@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tkprof ./

$ mkdir -p oracore/mesg/

$ cd oracore/mesg/

$ scproot@192.168.8.192:/u01/product/oracle/11.2.0/db_1/oracore/mesg/lrmus.msb ./

使用示例:

$ tkprof test.trc test.out

Instant Client Bundle

現(xiàn)在,我們已經(jīng)讓所有工具都能正常工作。簡單的使用工具壓縮打包instantclient_11_2目錄,這樣你就獲得你自己的Instant Client包。例如:

$ cd /home/hadoop/oracle

$ tar zcf instantclient_11_2.tar.gzintantclient_11_2

正如你所看到的,打包成的instant client帶有tnsping,sqlldr, exp/imp,tkprof工具,這讓IC更加的功能強(qiáng)大。

安裝自定義的IC包步驟如下:

1. 上傳到服務(wù)器上解壓縮

2. 修改環(huán)境變量

$ vi ~/.bashrc

跳到文件的末尾,添加下面這些環(huán)境變量:

export ORACLE_IC_HOME=解壓目錄/instantclient_11_2

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_IC_HOME

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_IC_HOME

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_IC_HOME

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_IC_HOME

exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_IC_HOME/ojdbc6.jar:./

$ source ~/. bashrc

或 $ . ~/.bashrc

3. 添加連接數(shù)據(jù)庫的配置

$ vi $ORACLE_IC_HOME/tnsnames.ora

安裝完成,現(xiàn)在就可以使用Instant Client中的工具啦!

用oracle創(chuàng)建一個包 實(shí)現(xiàn)表的增刪改查 用過程和函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

create or replace package UBS_USER_PKG is

type user_record_type is record

(

userID number(4),

username varchar2(20),

createdate date,

deptID number(4),

gender number(1),

job varchar2(30),

remarks varchar2(200),

birthday date,

jobexperience varchar2(200),

education varchar2(200),

relationship varchar2(200)

);

type user_ref_cursor is ref cursor return user_record_type;

type user_table_type is table of user_record_type index by binary_integer;

procedure user_query(dmlset in out user_ref_cursor);

procedure user_lock(dmlset in out user_table_type);

procedure user_insert(dmlset in out user_table_type);

procedure user_update(dmlset in out user_table_type);

procedure user_delete(dmlset in out user_table_type);

end UBS_USER_PKG;

/

create or replace package body UBS_USER_PKG is

procedure user_query(dmlset in out user_ref_cursor) is

begin

open dmlset for

select

userid,

username,

createdate,

deptid,

gender,

job,

remarks,

birthday,

jobexperience,

education,

relationship

from ubs_user;

end;

procedure user_lock(dmlset in out user_table_type) is

userID_holder number;

begin

select userID into userID_holder from ubs_user where userID=dmlset(1).userID for update;

end;

procedure user_insert(dmlset in out user_table_type) is

begin

insert into ubs_user

(

userid,

username,

createdate,

deptid,

gender,

job,

remarks,

birthday,

jobexperience,

education,

relationship

)

values

(

dmlset(1).userid,

dmlset(1).username,

dmlset(1).createdate,

dmlset(1).gender,

dmlset(1).job,

dmlset(1).remarks,

dmlset(1).birthday,

dmlset(1).jobexperience,

dmlset(1).education,

dmlset(1).education,

dmlset(1).relationship

);

end;

procedure user_update(dmlset in out user_table_type) is

begin

update ubs_user set


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