這篇文章將為大家詳細(xì)講解有關(guān)Linux下如何更換HBA卡重新掃盤，文章內(nèi)容質(zhì)量較高，因此小編分享給大家做個(gè)參考，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后對(duì)相關(guān)知識(shí)有一定的了解。
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Linux 主機(jī)上外接FC 存儲(chǔ)時(shí)，一般都會(huì)在主機(jī)上加裝HBA 卡，HBA卡通過(guò)WWN號(hào)連接光纖交換機(jī)或直接存儲(chǔ)。如果HBA卡出問(wèn)題需要更換時(shí)，WWN號(hào)相應(yīng)的也會(huì)改變，中間的這個(gè)紐帶相當(dāng)于斷了，就無(wú)法正常識(shí)別存儲(chǔ)磁盤分區(qū)。當(dāng)然有些HBA上面貼的有WWN號(hào)，可以在更換HBA卡之前在光交或存儲(chǔ)上更換相應(yīng)的配置。不過(guò)很多沒(méi)有標(biāo)這個(gè)，需要到系統(tǒng)下通過(guò)命令查看新識(shí)別的WWN號(hào)。
查看HBA卡WWN號(hào)的操作方法如下：
[root@seaing host4]# cat /sys/class/fc_host/host4/node_name
0x200000e08b86fd5c
也可以參考文章：linux下查看wwn號(hào)（http://www.361way.com/linux-wwwn-hba/4200.html）。
更改完成WWN號(hào)后，系統(tǒng)無(wú)法直接更新掛載的后端存儲(chǔ)盤。需要重新掃下盤，可以使用如下方法進(jìn)行掃盤操作：
[root@seaing ~ ]# cd /sys/class/scsi_host/host4/
[root@seaing host4]# echo '- - - ' > scan
或
[root@seaing host4]# echo "1" > /sys/class/fc_host/host4/issue_lip
//某些存儲(chǔ)或系統(tǒng)沒(méi)有scan文件，可以通issue_lip文件識(shí)別
掃描前的磁盤狀態(tài)：
[root@seaing host4]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 60801 488279610 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 3916 31455238+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdc: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 * 1 3916 31455238+ 8e Linux LVM
掃描后的磁盤狀態(tài)：
[root@seaing host4]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 60801 488279610 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 3916 31455238+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdc: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 * 1 3916 31455238+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdd: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sde: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Disk /dev/sde doesn't contain a valid partition table
注意：
1、可以在掃描之前先運(yùn)行fdisk -l 與掃描之后fdisk -l 的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比對(duì)。更換成功的話會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)后者查看到的結(jié)果比前者多。所以此類操作前，最好將df 、fdisk 、mount、fstab 等和磁盤相關(guān)的信息做個(gè)備份，掃描完成后，和原始數(shù)據(jù)做一個(gè)比對(duì)是最為保險(xiǎn)的。
2、記不住上面的掃描指令也沒(méi)關(guān)系 ，通過(guò)重啟主機(jī)，可以達(dá)到同樣的效果。
3、掃盤前后，可以通過(guò)查看/proc/scsi/scsi 確認(rèn)存儲(chǔ)掛載信息
[root@seaing host4]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi
Attached devices:
Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
Vendor: ATA Model: WDC WD5003ABYX-1 Rev: 01.0
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
Vendor: PLDS Model: DVD-ROM DH-16D6S Rev: BD11
Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
Vendor: HP Model: HSV300 Rev: 0005
Type: RAID ANSI SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 01
Vendor: HP Model: HSV300 Rev: 0005
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00
Vendor: HP Model: HSV300 Rev: 0005
Type: RAID ANSI SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 01
Vendor: HP Model: HSV300 Rev: 0005
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 02
Vendor: HP Model: HSV300 Rev: 0005
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 02
Vendor: HP Model: HSV300 Rev: 0005
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05
下面是redhat官網(wǎng)給出的存儲(chǔ)掃盤說(shuō)明：
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/Online_Storage_Reconfiguration_Guide/scanning-storage-interconnects.html
***********************************************************************************************************
9 Scanning Storage Interconnects
There are several commands available that allow you to reset and/or scan one or more interconnects, potentially adding and removing multiple devices in one operation. This type of scan can be disruptive, as it can cause delays while I/O operations timeout, and remove devices unexpectedly. As such, Red Hat recommends that this type of scan be used only when necessary. In addition, the following restrictions must be observed when scanning storage interconnects:
1、All I/O on the effected interconnects must be paused and flushed before executing the procedure, and the results of the scan checked before I/O is resumed.
2、As with removing a device, interconnect scanning is not recommended when the system is under memory pressure. To determine the level of memory pressure, run the command vmstat 1 100; interconnect scanning is not recommended if free memory is less than 5% of the total memory in more than 10 samples per 100. It is also not recommended if swapping is active (non-zero si and so columns in the vmstat output). The command free can also display the total memory.
The following commands can be used to scan storage interconnects.
echo "1" > /sys/class/fc_host/host/issue_lip
This operation performs a Loop Initialization Protocol (LIP) and then scans the interconnect and causes the SCSI layer to be updated to reflect the devices currently on the bus. A LIP is, essentially, a bus reset, and will cause device addition and removal. This procedure is necessary to configure a new SCSI target on a Fibre Channel interconnect.
Bear in mind that issue_lip is an asynchronous operation. The command may complete before the entire scan has completed. You must monitor /var/log/messages to determine when it is done.
The lpfc and qla2xxx drivers support issue_lip. For more information about the API capabilities supported by each driver in Red Hat Enterprise Linux, refer to Table 1, “Fibre-Channel API Capabilities”.
/usr/bin/rescan-scsi-bus.sh
This script is included in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4 and all future updates. By default, this script scans all the SCSI buses on the system, updating the SCSI layer to reflect new devices on the bus. The script provides additional options to allow device removal and the issuing of LIPs. For more information about this script (including known issues), refer to Section 16, “Adding/Removing a Logical Unit Through rescan-scsi-bus.sh”.
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/hosth/scan
This is the same command described in Section 7, “Adding a Storage Device or Path” to add a storage device or path. In this case, however, the channel number, SCSI target ID, and LUN values are replaced by wildcards. Any combination of identifiers and wildcards is allowed, allowing you to make the command as specific or broad as needed. This procedure will add LUNs, but not remove them.
rmmod driver-name or modprobe driver-name
These commands completely re-initialize the state of all interconnects controlled by the driver. Although this is extreme, it may be appropriate in some situations. This may be used, for example, to re-start the driver with a different module parameter value.
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