昨天網(wǎng)上一網(wǎng)友說，由于他同事誤將“max server memory”設(shè)置為10M后，SQL Server數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)登錄不了，當(dāng)時(shí)我簡(jiǎn)單測(cè)試了一下，今天有空就順手將整個(gè)過程整理一下，記錄在此。

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在SSMS的UI界面設(shè)置“max server memory”，即使你設(shè)置為10M大小，但是它會(huì)“悄悄”默認(rèn)修改為128M，你用Profile跟蹤或者設(shè)置后會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，它偷偷“修改”了你的設(shè)置值（改為了128M），

EXEC sys.sp_configure N'max server memory (MB)', N'128'
GO
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE
GO
 
Configuration option 'max server memory (MB)' changed from 4096 to 128. Run the RECONFIGURE statement to install.

如果你沒有注意這些細(xì)節(jié)，或者不信這個(gè)事情，那么也可以用腳本測(cè)試一下，如下所示，它提示你這個(gè)值（10M）不是一個(gè)有效值。

當(dāng)你對(duì)“max server memory”做了錯(cuò)誤設(shè)置后，那么基本上，任何查詢或連接都會(huì)出現(xiàn)類似下面這樣的錯(cuò)誤：

An exception occurred while executing a Transact-SQL statement or batch. (Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo)
 
------------------------------
There is insufficient system memory in resource pool 'internal' to run this query. (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 701)
 
 
 
 
 
 
------------------------------
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
 
A connection was successfully established with the server, but then an error occurred during the pre-login handshake. (provider: TCP Provider, error: 0 - 遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)強(qiáng)迫關(guān)閉了一個(gè)現(xiàn)有的連接。) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 10054)
 
For help, click: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink?ProdName=Microsoft%20SQL%20Server&EvtSrc=MSSQLServer&EvtID=10054&LinkId=20476
 
------------------------------
遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)強(qiáng)迫關(guān)閉了一個(gè)現(xiàn)有的連接。 

你檢查數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的錯(cuò)誤日志，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多額外信息，摘抄部分如下：

.........................................................
.........................................................
2019-12-24 10:15:32.84 spid53      There is insufficient system memory in resource pool 'internal' to run this query.
2019-12-24 10:15:52.88 spid53      Error: 18056, Severity: 20, State: 29. (Params:). The error is printed in terse mode because there was error during formatting. Tracing, ETW, notifications etc are skipped.
2019-12-24 10:15:55.89 Server      Error: 17300, Severity: 16, State: 1. (Params:). The error is printed in terse mode because there was error during formatting. Tracing, ETW, notifications etc are skipped.
2019-12-24 10:16:12.70 Server       Failed allocate pages: FAIL_PAGE_ALLOCATION 1
2019-12-24 10:16:12.70 Server  
 
Process/System Counts                         Value
---------------------------------------- ----------
Available Physical Memory                6614454272
Available Virtual Memory                 140726213148672
Available Paging File                    7776440320
Working Set                                95432704
Percent of Committed Memory in WS               100
Page Faults                                   57030
System physical memory high                       1
System physical memory low                        0
Process physical memory low                       1
Process virtual memory low                        0
2019-12-24 10:16:12.70 Server     
Memory Manager                                   KB
---------------------------------------- ----------
VM Reserved                                10652776
VM Committed                                  57972
Locked Pages Allocated                        86472
Large Pages Allocated                             0
Emergency Memory                               1024
Emergency Memory In Use                          16
Target Committed                             131072
Current Committed                            144448
Pages Allocated                               84176
Pages Reserved                                    0
Pages Free                                        0
Pages In Use                                 144432
Page Alloc Potential                         -19912
NUMA Growth Phase                                 2
Last OOM Factor                                   1
Last OS Error                                     0
2019-12-24 10:16:12.70 Server     
Memory node Id = 0                               KB
---------------------------------------- ----------
VM Reserved                                10652712
VM Committed                                  57952
Locked Pages Allocated                        86472
Pages Allocated                               84176
Pages Free                                        0
Target Committed                             131048
Current Committed                            144424
Foreign Committed                                 0
Away Committed                                    0
Taken Away Committed                              0
2019-12-24 10:16:12.70 Server     
Memory node Id = 64                              KB
---------------------------------------- ----------
VM Reserved                                       0
VM Committed                                     20
Locked Pages Allocated                            0
2019-12-24 10:16:12.70 Server     
MEMORYCLERK_SQLGENERAL (node 0)                  KB
---------------------------------------- ----------
.........................................................
......................................................... 

要解決這個(gè)問題，你需要關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)， 然后以單用戶模式+最小配置啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)例，然后去修改max server memory參數(shù)。 關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)過程中如果遇到一些問題，可以通過重啟服務(wù)器解決問題（這個(gè)要根據(jù)具體實(shí)際情況決定，有時(shí)候不會(huì)遇到問題，有時(shí)候會(huì)遇到一些問題，例如net stop mssqlserver命令卡住，出現(xiàn)service_state[MSSQLSERVER]): Stop pending）

注意：如果以單用戶模式啟動(dòng)，然后以sqlcmd去連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)下面錯(cuò)誤，所以必須以單用戶模式+最小配置啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)例

EXEC sys.sp_configure 'max server memory (MB)',4096; #根據(jù)實(shí)際情況設(shè)置內(nèi)存大小。
 
RECONFIGURE
 
GO

然后重啟SQL Server實(shí)例，問題就解決了。 當(dāng)然你也可以還原master庫(kù)的備份到其它測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，然后用還原后master數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的相關(guān)文件替換當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)master的相關(guān)文件來解決問題。但是那樣會(huì)相對(duì)麻煩，沒有這種方法簡(jiǎn)便、有效！

C:\Windows\system32>net stop mssqlserver

The SQL Server (MSSQLSERVER) service is stopping.

The SQL Server (MSSQLSERVER) service was stopped successfully.

C:\Windows\system32>net start mssqlserver

The SQL Server (MSSQLSERVER) service is starting.

The SQL Server (MSSQLSERVER) service was started successfully.

總結(jié)

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