本文主要給大家簡(jiǎn)單講講MySQL-5.5的二進(jìn)制包是如何安裝的，相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)大家可以上網(wǎng)查查或者找一些相關(guān)書(shū)籍補(bǔ)充一下，這里就不涉獵了，我們就直奔主題吧，希望MySQL-5.5的二進(jìn)制包是如何安裝的這篇文章可以給大家?guī)?lái)一些實(shí)際幫助。
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環(huán)境：
[root@SQL-M ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
[root@SQL-M ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64
開(kāi)始安裝配置：
[root@SQL-M ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@SQL-M src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.55-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@SQL-M src]# ll -h
total 178M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 178M Apr 22 16:27 mysql-5.5.55-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@SQL-M src]# tar zxf mysql-5.5.55-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ # 解壓
[root@SQL-M src]# cd ..
[root@SQL-M local]# mv mysql-5.5.55-linux2.6-x86_64/ mysql-5.5.55 # 改名
[root@SQL-M local]# ln -s mysql-5.5.55 mysql # 做軟連接
[root@SQL-M local]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M # 建立系統(tǒng)用戶(hù)
[root@SQL-M local]# mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --user=mysql # 初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
[root@SQL-M local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.5.55 # 對(duì)目錄授權(quán)
[root@SQL-M local]# vi /etc/my.cnf # 創(chuàng)建配置文件，測(cè)試用的
[client] port=3306 socket= /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] user = mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/ character-set-server = utf8 skip-character-set-client-handshake init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8' open_files_limit=1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k thread_stack = 192K tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql server-id = 1 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 4M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 2M [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[root@SQL-M local]# cp mysql/bin/* sbin/ # 復(fù)制執(zhí)行命令到 sbin 下
[root@SQL-M local]# cp mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld # 生成啟動(dòng)腳本
[root@SQL-M local]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start # 直接啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
Starting MySQL...... SUCCESS!
[root@SQL-M ~]# netstat -lntup # 查看服務(wù)
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7853/mysqld
[root@SQL-M ~]# lsof -i:3306
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld 7853 mysql 12u IPv4 24118 0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
[root@SQL-M local]# mysqladmin -u root password # 給 root 密碼，默認(rèn)免密登錄
Enter password:
[root@SQL-M local]# mysql -uroot -p # 交互式密碼登錄
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.55-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.13 sec)
mysql> drop database test; # 刪掉測(cè)試庫(kù)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+
| user | host |
+------+-----------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | ::1 |
| | localhost |
| root | localhost |
| | sql-m |
| root | sql-m |
+------+-----------+
6 rows in set (0.11 sec)
mysql> drop user root@'::1'; # 把沒(méi)用的用戶(hù)刪除
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)
mysql> drop user ''@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user ''@'sql-m';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user root@'sql-m';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+
| user | host |
+------+-----------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | localhost |
+------+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
[root@SQL-M local]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123 password # 改密碼
New password:
Confirm new password:
測(cè)試忘記root密碼重新找回：
[root@SQL-M ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop # 先停掉服務(wù)
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@SQL-M ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & # 忽略授權(quán)表方式啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
[1] 3685
170422 17:37:34 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
170422 17:37:34 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@SQL-M ~]# 170422 17:37:39 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
[1]+ Done mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
奇怪居然失敗了！看一下日志先。。。
[root@SQL-M ~]# tail /var/log/mysqld.log
170422 17:39:41 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start
170422 17:39:42 InnoDB: 5.5.55 started; log sequence number 1595668
170422 17:39:42 [Note] Recovering after a crash using /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin
170422 17:39:42 [Note] Starting crash recovery...
170422 17:39:42 [Note] Crash recovery finished.
170422 17:39:42 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306
170422 17:39:42 [Note] - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0';
170422 17:39:42 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'.
170422 17:39:42 [ERROR] /usr/local/sbin/mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid' (Errcode: 2)
170422 17:39:42 [ERROR] Can't start server: can't create PID file: No such file or directory
可以看到，無(wú)法創(chuàng)建 pid 文件，這肯定是沒(méi)權(quán)限造成的。
/var/run/mysqld 這個(gè)路徑是配置文件里配的：
[root@SQL-M ~]# tail -3 /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
這里有點(diǎn)奇怪，用 /etc/init.d/mysqld 啟動(dòng)服務(wù)時(shí)它不會(huì)讀取配置文件里配置的 pid 路徑，而用 mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & 忽略授權(quán)表方式啟動(dòng)服務(wù)卻會(huì)讀取配置文件里的 pid 路徑。
不想動(dòng) /var/log/ 這個(gè)目錄的權(quán)限，改配置文件
[root@SQL-M ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
[root@SQL-M ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & # 再次執(zhí)行
[1] 7109
170422 17:54:17 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
170422 17:54:17 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@SQL-M ~]# # 這次可以了
[root@SQL-M ~]# mysql # 免密登錄
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.55-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('123') where user='root' and host='localhost'; # 修改密碼
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新后退出用新密碼登錄
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec)
以上二進(jìn)制包簡(jiǎn)單安裝完成。
MySQL-5.5的二進(jìn)制包是如何安裝的就先給大家講到這里，對(duì)于其它相關(guān)問(wèn)題大家想要了解的可以持續(xù)關(guān)注我們的行業(yè)資訊。我們的板塊內(nèi)容每天都會(huì)捕捉一些行業(yè)新聞及專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)分享給大家的。
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