本文將會(huì)分析一個(gè)文件合并的程序,并指出在合并文件過程中需要注意的問題。
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分析思路:
要將兩個(gè)文件合并,首先要將文件讀到內(nèi)存中,成為列表。再將列表分割,按照類別將數(shù)據(jù)分開存儲(chǔ),即姓名、電話、郵箱。通過遍歷列表1,依次與列表2比較,如果二者有重合的人,那么直接利用 .join([ ])姓名電話郵箱合并到一行,保存到另外一個(gè)列表變量里面。二者不重合的人,說明只有列表1中才有,故將此人的郵箱信息用str(‘—–')代替。
經(jīng)過這次遍歷之后,列表1中所有的人和列表2中與列表1中重復(fù)的人,都重新整合到了新的列表變量里面。接下來還需要把列表2中特有的人,添加到新的列表變量中。方法是遍歷列表2,把與列表1不重合的人取出來保存。
最后要將新的列表變量中的數(shù)據(jù)寫入到新的文件中,并關(guān)閉所有文件。
流程圖如下:
代碼如下:
""" Created on Fri Aug 4 12:59:36 2017 @author: 13323 """ # This program can combine two or more files into one file. def main(): #firstly open the files data1 = open("test_3.txt","rb") data2 = open("test_4.txt","rb") # read the data in file into list data1.readline() #only read one line, skip the first line data2.readline() #only read one line, skip the first line file1 = data1.readlines() #read all variable into list file1 file2 = data2.readlines() #read all variable into list file2 #print(file1) #define particular list to store variable file1_name = [] file1_tel = [] file2_name = [] file2_email = [] #file3 = [] #split file1 into two part for line in file1: element = line.split() #line.split(); devide by ' ' file1_name.append(str(element[0].decode('gbk'))) file1_tel.append(str(element[1].decode('gbk'))) #split file2 into two part for line in file2: element = line.split() file2_name.append(str(element[0].decode('gbk'))) file2_email.append(str(element[1].decode('gbk'))) # pick up the name in the file1 same as the name in the file2 and combine file3 = [] for i in range(len(file1_name)): s = '' if file1_name[i] in file2_name: j = file2_name.index(file1_name[i]) s = '\t'.join([file1_name[i],file1_tel[i],file2_email[j]]) s += '\n' else: s = '\t'.join([file1_name[i],file1_tel[i],str("----")]) s += '\n' file3.append(s) #pick up the name in the file1 doesn't same as the name in the file2 for i in range(len(file2_name)): s = '' if file2_name[i] not in file1_name: s = '\t'.join([file2_name[i],str('----'),file2_email[i]]) s += '\n' file3.append(s) #write the data into file3 data3 = open("test_5.txt","w") data3.writelines(file3) #close the file data1.close() data2.close() data3.close() main()