AIX 開機自動掛載NFS共享
當Oracle搭建在AIX系統(tǒng)上,進行集中備份時,可能需要通過連接Backup server掛載NFS共享來講數(shù)據(jù)備份到存儲設(shè)備上。
在Linux環(huán)境下,如想實現(xiàn)NFS開機自動掛載,通常只要在/etc/fstab中添加相應(yīng)記錄即可。
在AIX系統(tǒng)中,即使在相應(yīng)目錄/etc/filesystems中添加了對應(yīng)掛載信息并設(shè)置mount參數(shù)為true,有時也難以實現(xiàn)開機自動掛載。
本文通過實驗,解決AIX掛載NFS共享時報錯:Vmount:Not owner 問題,并實現(xiàn)AIX環(huán)境下開機自動掛載Linux NFS共享。
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NFS客戶端 操作系統(tǒng):AIX 5300-09
NFS服務(wù)器 操作系統(tǒng):RHEL 5.4
進行oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫集中備份時,Backup Server (rhel)連接到磁盤陣列。然后通過NFS共享存儲空間供各個數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器存儲備份文件。
各數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器(AIX系統(tǒng))作為客戶端掛載對應(yīng)NFS共享,即可備份時通過Backup Server將備份文件存儲在陣列上。
與Linux系統(tǒng)不同,當AIX作為NFS客戶端,掛載NFS共享時,需調(diào)整AIX默認網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)。
若想實現(xiàn)開機啟動,必須將網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)值寫入nextboot file。
showmount -e rhel152 | grep aix227
共享存儲的位置為 rhel152:/backup/cuug02/storage03
vi /etc/filesystems
mount /backup
咦?linux系統(tǒng)中只要做類似配置,即可成功掛載,到了AIX系統(tǒng)怎么就不行了呢?
難道是編輯的配置有問題?
為驗證NFS的配置信息,刪除/etc/filesystems中所添加信息,使用smit nfs 重新進行配置
下圖陪配置信息中
/etc/filesystems entry will mount the directory on system restart 選項 設(shè)置為 yes
即 開機自動掛載
配置完畢后 回車 顯示 failed
仍然報錯,Not owner
查看相關(guān)資料,出現(xiàn)此報錯信息,需要調(diào)整AIX默認網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)
nfso -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1
調(diào)整完畢后再次手動掛載無報錯信息
mount /backup
df -g查看,已成功掛載NFS服務(wù)器共享目錄到本地文件系統(tǒng)
上面手動掛載成功后,還需重啟AIX系統(tǒng)看是否能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)開機自動掛載
shutdown -Fr 重啟AIX系統(tǒng)
重啟后查看NFS未成功掛載,手工mount失敗,依然報相同錯
smit nfs查看相關(guān)信息,開機掛載選項的確是yes
從上面報錯信息看出,還是網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)需要調(diào)整。
那如果每次掛載前都需要調(diào)整,就無法實現(xiàn)開機自動掛載了。
能不能將此參數(shù)設(shè)置為永久生效呢?
man nfso 查看nfso命令手冊 其中-o 和 -p 參數(shù)介紹如下
-o Tunable[ =NewValue ]
Displays the value or sets Tunable to NewValue. If a tunable needs to be changed (the specified value is different
than current value), and is of type Bosboot or Reboot, or if it is of type Incremental and its current value is bigger
than the specified value, and -r is not used in combination, it will not be changed but a warning displays instead.
When -r is used in combination without a new value, the nextboot value for the Tunable displays. When -p is used in
combination without a NewValue, a value displays only if the current and next boot values for the Tunable are the
same. Otherwise NONE displays as the value.
-p
Makes changes apply to both current and reboot values, when used in combination with -o, -d or -D, that is, it turns
on the updating of the /etc/tunables/nextboot file in addition to the updating of the current value. These
combinations cannot be used on Reboot and Bosboot type parameters because their current value cannot be changed.
When used with -a or -o without specifying a new value, values are displayed only if the current and next boot values
for a parameter are the same. Otherwise NONE displays as the value.
nfso -p -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1
提示信息顯示寫入了nextboot file
查看/etc/tunables/nextboot 新增加我們剛剛設(shè)置的參數(shù)
手動mount,掛載NFS成功不報錯
shutdonw -Fr 再次重啟AIX系統(tǒng)查驗
自動掛載NFS成功,實現(xiàn)了AIX系統(tǒng)開機自動掛載NFS
查看/etc/tunables/nextboot 文件,發(fā)現(xiàn)有我們?yōu)榘惭boracle而調(diào)整的參數(shù),還有剛剛為掛載nfs而設(shè)置的nfs_use_reserved_ports參數(shù)
使用nfso -L命令,以圖表方式查看網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)
其中掛載nfs需修改的網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)nfs_use_reserved_ports參數(shù),當前值是1,默認值是0
[root@aix227:/]#nfso -L
NAME CUR DEF BOOT MIN MAX UNIT TYPE
DEPENDENCIES
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
portcheck 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
udpchecksum 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_socketsize 600000 600000 600000 40000 1280K Bytes D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_tcp_socketsize 600000 600000 600000 40000 1280K Bytes D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_setattr_error 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_gather_threshold 4K 4K 4K 512 8K+1 Bytes D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_repeat_messages 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_udp_duplicate_cache_size
5000 5000 5000 5000 100000 Req I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_tcp_duplicate_cache_size
5000 5000 5000 5000 100000 Req I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_server_base_priority 0 0 0 31 125 Pri D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_dynamic_retrans 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_iopace_pages 0 0 0 0 64K-1 Pages D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_max_connections 0 0 0 0 10000 Number D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_max_threads 3891 3891 3891 5 3891 Threads D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_use_reserved_ports 1 0 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_device_specific_bufs 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_server_clread 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_rfc1323 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_max_write_size 32K 32K 32K 512 64K Bytes D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_max_read_size 32K 32K 32K 512 64K Bytes D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_allow_all_signals 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_v2_pdts 1 1 1 1 8 PDTs M
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_v3_pdts 1 1 1 1 8 PDTs M
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_v2_vm_bufs 10000 10000 10000 512 50000 Bufs I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_v3_vm_bufs 10000 10000 10000 512 50000 Bufs I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_securenfs_authtimeout 0 0 0 0 60 Seconds D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_v3_server_readdirplus 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
lockd_debug_level 0 0 0 0 10 Level D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
statd_debug_level 0 0 0 0 10 Level D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
statd_max_threads 50 50 50 1 1000 Threads D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_v4_fail_over_timeout 0 0 0 0 3600 Seconds D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
utf8_validation 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_v4_pdts 1 1 1 1 8 PDTs M
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_v4_vm_bufs 10000 10000 10000 512 50000 Bufs I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
server_delegation 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nfs_auto_rbr_trigger 0 0 0 -1 1M MB D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
client_delegation 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
n/a means parameter not supported by the current platform or kernel
Parameter types:
S = Static: cannot be changed
D = Dynamic: can be freely changed
B = Bosboot: can only be changed using bosboot and reboot
R = Reboot: can only be changed during reboot
C = Connect: changes are only effective for future socket connections
M = Mount: changes are only effective for future mountings
I = Incremental: can only be incremented
Value conventions:
K = Kilo: 2^10 G = Giga: 2^30 P = Peta: 2^50
M = Mega: 2^20 T = Tera: 2^40 E = Exa: 2^60
[root@aix227:/]#
1、AIX系統(tǒng)掛載NFS共享,需要設(shè)置默認網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)nfs_use_reserved_ports值修改為1.
2、如想實現(xiàn)AIX開機自動掛載NFS,不僅要在/etc/filesystems中設(shè)置mount=true,還需要將nfs_use_reserved_ports=1寫入nextboot file/etc/tunables/nextboot
3、Linux系統(tǒng)默認nfs_use_reserved_ports參數(shù)值為1,AIX系統(tǒng)中此參數(shù)默認值為0;故linux系統(tǒng)中只需配置好/etc/fstab即可實現(xiàn)開機自動掛載。