創(chuàng)建simplecmdb項(xiàng)目
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一、創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目simplecmdb,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)應(yīng)用,startapp hostinfo,在setting中添加應(yīng)用
[root@133 ]# cd /opt/python/django/ [root@133 django]# django-admin.py startproject simplecmdb [root@133 django]# cd simplecmdb/ [root@133 simplecmdb]# ls manage.py simplecmdb [root@133 simplecmdb]# python manage.py startapp hostinfo [root@133 simplecmdb]# cd simplecmdb/ [root@133 simplecmdb]# vim settings.py #添加app應(yīng)用:hostinfo INSTALLED_APPS = ( 'hostinfo', ) #注釋這一行,允許使用第三方的中間鍵 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( #'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', ) #修改語(yǔ)言編碼和時(shí)區(qū) LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-cn' TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' [root@133 django]# cd /opt/python/django/simplecmdb/ [root@133 simplecmdb]# ll 總用量 12 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 1月 4 11:13 hostinfo -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 253 1月 4 11:12 manage.py drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 1月 4 14:31 simplecmdb #啟動(dòng)server [root@133 simplecmdb]# nohup python manage.py runserver 112.65.140.133:8080 &[root@133 simplecmdb]# python manage.py runserver 112.65.140.133:8080 Validating models... 0 errors found January 04, 2017 - 14:33:01 Django version 1.6.5, using settings 'simplecmdb.settings' Starting development server at http://112.65.140.133:8080/ Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
瀏覽器訪問(wèn)ok:http://11.65.140.13:8080/
二、創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)模型,在hostinfo中定義數(shù)據(jù)模型
[root@133 simplecmdb]# cd /opt/python/django/simplecmdb/hostinfo/ [root@133 hostinfo]# ll 總用量 28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 63 1月 4 11:13 admin.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 194 1月 4 14:33 admin.pyc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 1月 4 11:13 __init__.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 137 1月 4 14:33 __init__.pyc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 57 1月 4 11:13 models.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 191 1月 4 14:33 models.pyc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 60 1月 4 11:13 tests.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 63 1月 4 11:13 views.py [root@133 hostinfo]# vim models.py from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Host(models.Model): hostname = models.CharField(max_length = 50) ip = models.IPAddressField() vendor = models.CharField(max_length = 50) product = models.CharField(max_length = 50) sn = models.CharField(max_length = 50) cpu_model = models.CharField(max_length = 50) cpu_num = models.IntegerField(max_length = 50) memory = models.CharField(max_length= 50) osver = models.CharField(max_length = 50)
初始化數(shù)據(jù)模型,即將數(shù)據(jù)模型保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中
#檢查錯(cuò)誤 [root@133 simplecmdb]# python manage.py validate 0 errors found #查看同步將會(huì)執(zhí)行的sql [root@133 simplecmdb]# python manage.py sqlall hostinfo BEGIN; CREATE TABLE "hostinfo_host" ( "id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "hostname" varchar(50) NOT NULL, "ip" char(15) NOT NULL, "vendor" varchar(50) NOT NULL, "product" varchar(50) NOT NULL, "sn" varchar(50) NOT NULL, "cpu_model" varchar(50) NOT NULL, "cpu_num" integer NOT NULL, "memory" varchar(50) NOT NULL, "osver" varchar(50) NOT NULL ) ; COMMIT; #同步models到sql [root@133 simplecmdb]# python manage.py syncdb Creating tables ... Creating table django_admin_log Creating table auth_permission Creating table auth_group_permissions Creating table auth_group Creating table auth_user_groups Creating table auth_user_user_permissions Creating table auth_user Creating table django_content_type Creating table django_session Creating table hostinfo_host You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined. Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes Username (leave blank to use 'root'): root #用戶 Email address: david-dai@zamplus.com #郵箱 Password: #輸入密碼 Password (again): Superuser created successfully. Installing custom SQL ... Installing indexes ... Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)
打開(kāi)admin頁(yè)面,輸入用戶名和密碼登錄,但是看不到host頁(yè)面,
如果需要看到host頁(yè)面,需要注冊(cè)host class,把需要顯示的字段在admin.py中定義,并且在admin.site.register中注冊(cè)
[root@133 simplecmdb]# cd /opt/python/django/simplecmdb/hostinfo/ [root@133 hostinfo]# vim admin.py from django.contrib import admin from hostinfo.models import Host #導(dǎo)入hostinfo目錄下的models.py這個(gè)模塊 # Register your models here.#把需要顯示的字段定義好,才能在web頁(yè)面上顯示出來(lái) class HostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = [ 'hostname', 'ip', 'cpu_model', 'cpu_num', 'memory', 'vendor', 'product', 'osver', 'sn' ] admin.site.register(Host, HostAdmin)
注冊(cè)之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)Host在頁(yè)面上顯示了
點(diǎn)擊添加host,增加了host的配置,然后點(diǎn)擊保存,即可顯示相關(guān)的信息。
錯(cuò)誤記錄:
在定義models.py中定義字段的時(shí)候,vendor錯(cuò)誤寫成了vender,導(dǎo)致后面頁(yè)面去數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)取數(shù)據(jù)找不到vendor字段,報(bào)錯(cuò)
解決辦法:
1、刪除db.sqlite3
2、修改models.py,vender修改為vendor,重新初始化sqlite3數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
三、定義url訪問(wèn)路徑(mvc中的c,正則表達(dá)式,當(dāng)用戶訪問(wèn)/hostinfo/collect 這個(gè)url,讓hostinfo應(yīng)用中的views中的collect函數(shù)處理
[root@133 simplecmdb]# vim urls.py from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url from django.contrib import admin admin.autodiscover() urlpatterns = patterns('', # Examples: # url(r'^$', 'simplecmdb.views.home', name='home'), # url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls')), url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)), url(r'^hostinfo/collect/$','hostinfo.views.collect'),# )
四、views.py定義訪問(wèn)的方法
[root@133 simplecmdb]# vim /opt/python/django/simplecmdb/hostinfo/views.py from django.shortcuts import render from django.http import HttpResponse from hostinfo.models import Host # Create your views here. def collect(req): if req.POST: hostname = req.POST.get('hostname') ip = req.POST.get('ip') osver = req.POST.get('osver') vendor = req.POST.get('vendor') product = req.POST.get('product') cpu_model = req.POST.get('cpu_model') cpu_num = req.POST.get('cpu_num') memory = req.POST.get('memory') sn = req.POST.get('sn') host = Host() host.hostname = hostname host.ip = ip host.osver = osver host.vendor = vendor host.product = product host.cpu_model = cpu_model host.cpu_num = cpu_num host.memory = memory host.sn = sn host.save() return HttpResponse('OK') else: return HttpResponse('no data') #使用curl方法,傳遞參數(shù),用get得到參數(shù) [root@133 hostinfo]# curl -d hostname='node02' -d ip='192.168.1.2' -d osver='Centos6.5' -d vendor='HP' -d product='BL 380' -d sn='##$$123' -d cpu_model='Intel' -d cpu_num=16 -d memory='32G' http://112.65.140.133:8080/hostinfo/collect/ OK
1、使用shell添加主機(jī),shell腳本里面就是curl命令,查看頁(yè)面,結(jié)果顯示node03已經(jīng)添加
[root@133 django]# cd /opt/python/django/ [root@133 django]# vim data.sh curl -d hostname='node03' -d ip='192.168.1.3' -d osver='Centos6.5' -d vendor='HP' -d product='BL 380' -d sn='##$$123' -d cpu_model='Intel' -d cpu_num=16 -d memory='32G' [root@133 django]# sh data.sh OK
2、python下urllib,urllib2,httplib方法傳遞數(shù)據(jù) ,查看node04傳遞成功
[root@133 django]# ipython In [4]: import urllib, urllib2 In [5]: help(urllib2.urlopen) Help on function urlopen in module urllib2: urlopen(url, data=None, timeout=
3、修改python腳本,直接修改將收集到的系統(tǒng)信息發(fā)送到服務(wù)器
[root@133 django]# cat sysinformation.py #!/usr/bin/env python import urllib,urllib2 #導(dǎo)入urllib模塊 from subprocess import Popen,PIPE def getIfconfig(): p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout=PIPE) data = p.stdout.read() return data def getDmi(): p = Popen(['dmidecode'], stdout = PIPE) data = p.stdout.read() return data def parseData(data): parsed_data = [] new_line = '' data = [i for i in data.split('\n') if i ] for line in data: if line[0].strip(): parsed_data.append(new_line) new_line = line + '\n' else: new_line +=line + '\n' parsed_data.append(new_line) return parsed_data def parseIfconfig(parsed_data): dic = {} tuple_addr= ('lo','vir','vnet','em3','em4') parsed_data = [i for i in parsed_data if i and not i.startswith(tuple_addr)] for lines in parsed_data: line_list = lines.split('\n') devname = line_list[0].split()[0] macaddr = line_list[0].split()[-1] ipaddr = line_list[1].split()[1].split(':')[1] break dic['ip'] = devname,ipaddr,macaddr return dic def parseDmi(parsed_data): dic = {} parsed_data = [i for i in parsed_data if i.startswith('System Information')] parsed_data = [i for i in parsed_data[0].split('\n')[1:] if i] dmi_dic = dict ([i.strip().split(':') for i in parsed_data]) dic ['vendor'] = dmi_dic['Manufacturer'].strip() dic ['product'] = dmi_dic['Product Name'].strip() dic ['sn'] = dmi_dic['Serial Number'].strip() return dic def getHostname(f): with open(f) as fd: for line in fd: if line.startswith('HOSTNAME'): hostname = line.split('=')[1].strip() break return {'hostname':hostname} def getOSver(f): with open(f) as fd: for line in fd: osver = line.strip() break return {'osver':osver} def getCpu(f): num = 0 with open(f) as fd: for line in fd: if line.startswith('processor'): num +=1 if line.startswith('model name'): cpu_model = line.split(':')[1].split() cpu_model = cpu_model[0] + ' '+cpu_model[-1] return {'cpu_num':num, 'cpu_model':cpu_model} def getMemory(f): with open(f) as fd: for line in fd: if line.startswith('MemTotal'): mem = int(line.split()[1].strip()) break mem = "%s" % int(mem/1024.0)+'M' return {'memory':mem} if __name__ == "__main__": dic = {} data_ip = getIfconfig() parsed_data_ip = parseData(data_ip) ip = parseIfconfig(parsed_data_ip) data_dmi = getDmi() parsed_data_dmi = parseData(data_dmi) dmi = parseDmi(parsed_data_dmi) hostname = getHostname('/etc/sysconfig/network') osver = getOSver('/etc/issue') cpu = getCpu('/proc/cpuinfo') mem = getMemory('/proc/meminfo') dic.update(ip) dic.update(dmi) dic.update(hostname) dic.update(cpu) dic.update(mem) dic.update(osver) #將字典dic內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)換為urlencode格式,并用urlopen打開(kāi)網(wǎng)頁(yè)并傳遞數(shù)據(jù),使用req.read()返回結(jié)果 d = urllib.urlencode(dic) req = urllib2.urlopen('http://112.65.140.133:8080/hostinfo/collect/',d) print req.read() [root@133 django]# python sysinformation.py OK
網(wǎng)頁(yè)查看,真實(shí)的系統(tǒng)信息已經(jīng)收集到了
五、對(duì)收集的主機(jī)信息進(jìn)行分組管理
創(chuàng)建HostGroup表,models.py
[root@133 simplecmdb]# cd /opt/python/django/simplecmdb/hostinfo/ [root@133 hostinfo]# ll 總用量 32 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 405 1月 4 15:38 admin.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 669 1月 4 16:10 admin.pyc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 1月 4 11:13 __init__.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 137 1月 4 14:33 __init__.pyc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 498 1月 4 15:25 models.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 738 1月 4 15:25 models.pyc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 60 1月 4 11:13 tests.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1099 1月 4 17:17 views.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1115 1月 4 17:17 views.pyc [root@133 hostinfo]# vim models.py from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Host(models.Model): hostname = models.CharField(max_length = 50) ip = models.IPAddressField() vendor = models.CharField(max_length = 50) product = models.CharField(max_length = 50) sn = models.CharField(max_length = 50) cpu_model = models.CharField(max_length = 50) cpu_num = models.IntegerField(max_length = 50) memory = models.CharField(max_length = 50) osver = models.CharField(max_length = 50) class HostGroup(models.Model): groupname = models.CharField(max_length = 50) members = models.ManyToManyField(Host) #同步數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),創(chuàng)建了2個(gè)表 [root@133 hostinfo]# cd .. [root@133 simplecmdb]# ll 總用量 60 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 35840 1月 4 17:50 db.sqlite3 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 1月 4 20:10 hostinfo -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 253 1月 4 11:12 manage.py -rw------- 1 root root 8640 1月 4 16:59 nohup.out drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 1月 4 18:49 simplecmdb [root@133 simplecmdb]# python manage.py syncdb Creating tables ... Creating table hostinfo_hostgroup_members Creating table hostinfo_hostgroup Installing custom SQL ... Installing indexes ... Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s) [root@133 simplecmdb]# ll 總用量 68 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 41984 1月 4 20:10 db.sqlite3 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 1月 4 20:10 hostinfo -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 253 1月 4 11:12 manage.py -rw------- 1 root root 8640 1月 4 16:59 nohup.out drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 1月 4 18:49 simplecmdb [root@133 simplecmdb]# sqlite3 db.sqlite3 SQLite version 3.6.20 Enter ".help" for instructions Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";" sqlite> .tables auth_group django_admin_log auth_group_permissions django_content_type auth_permission django_session auth_user hostinfo_host auth_user_groups hostinfo_hostgroup auth_user_user_permissions hostinfo_hostgroup_members sqlite> .schema hostinfo_hostgroup CREATE TABLE "hostinfo_hostgroup" ( "id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "groupname" varchar(50) NOT NULL ); sqlite> .schema hostinfo_hostgroup_members CREATE TABLE "hostinfo_hostgroup_members" ( "id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "hostgroup_id" integer NOT NULL, "host_id" integer NOT NULL REFERENCES "hostinfo_host" ("id"), UNIQUE ("hostgroup_id", "host_id") ); CREATE INDEX "hostinfo_hostgroup_members_27f00f5d" ON "hostinfo_hostgroup_members" ("host_id"); CREATE INDEX "hostinfo_hostgroup_members_521bb4b0" ON "hostinfo_hostgroup_members" ("hostgroup_id"); sqlite> sqlite> .exit
注冊(cè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),admin.py
[root@133 hostinfo]# vim /opt/python/django/simplecmdb/hostinfo/admin.py from django.contrib import admin from hostinfo.models import Host,HostGroup # Register your models here. class HostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = [ 'hostname', 'ip', 'cpu_model', 'cpu_num', 'memory', 'vendor', 'product', 'osver', 'sn' ] class HostGroupAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ['groupname'] admin.site.register(Host, HostAdmin) admin.site.register(HostGroup,HostGroupAdmin)
可以看到Host groups組
如果需要分組的時(shí)候顯示主機(jī)名hostname,需要在modles中繼承并重寫self方法
[root@133 hostinfo]# vim /opt/python/django/simplecmdb/hostinfo/models.py from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Host(models.Model): hostname = models.CharField(max_length = 50) ip = models.IPAddressField() vendor = models.CharField(max_length = 50) product = models.CharField(max_length = 50) sn = models.CharField(max_length = 50) cpu_model = models.CharField(max_length = 50) cpu_num = models.IntegerField(max_length = 50) memory = models.CharField(max_length = 50) osver = models.CharField(max_length = 50) #這里指定使用hostname顯示 def __unicode__(self): return self.hostname class HostGroup(models.Model): groupname = models.CharField(max_length = 50) members = models.ManyToManyField(Host)
問(wèn)題:關(guān)于def __unicode__(self): 他的作用是什么是啊,這return hostname 可是怎么和下邊的函數(shù)HostGroup 關(guān)聯(lián)起來(lái)的呢?
主機(jī)與主機(jī)組是通過(guò)members = models.ManyToManyField(Host)這個(gè)字段關(guān)聯(lián)起來(lái)的。
def __unicode__(self)它的作用與在類里重寫__str__()這個(gè)方法是一樣的。讓類返回一個(gè)字節(jié)串,否則members顯示的是對(duì)象。