用ASP連接各種數(shù)據(jù)庫的方法
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一、ASP的對象存取數(shù)據(jù)庫方法
在ASP中，用來存取數(shù)據(jù)庫的對象統(tǒng)稱ADO（Active Data Objects），主要含有三種對象：Connection、Recordset 、Command
Connection：負責打開或連接數(shù)據(jù)
Recordset：負責存取數(shù)據(jù)表
Command：負責對數(shù)據(jù)庫執(zhí)行行動查詢命令
二、連接各數(shù)據(jù)庫的驅(qū)動程序
連接各數(shù)據(jù)庫可以使用驅(qū)動程序，也可以使用數(shù)據(jù)源，不過我建議大家使用驅(qū)動程序，因為使用驅(qū)動程序非常方便、簡單，而使用數(shù)據(jù)源比較麻煩。
ODBC鏈接
適合數(shù)據(jù)庫類型 鏈接方式
access "Driver={microsoft access driver(*.mdb)};dbq=*.mdb;uid=admin;pwd=pass;"
dBase "Driver={microsoft dbase driver(*.dbf)};driverid=277;dbq=------------;"
Oracle "Driver={microsoft odbc for oracle};server=oraclesever.world;uid=admin;pwd=pass;"
MSSQL server "Driver={sql server};server=servername;database=dbname;uid=sa;pwd=pass;"
MS text "Driver={microsoft text driver(*.txt; *.csv)};dbq=-----;extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;Persist SecurityInfo=false;"
Visual Foxpro "Driver={microsoft Visual Foxpro driver};sourcetype=DBC;sourceDB=*.dbc;Exclusive=No;"
MySQL "Driver={mysql};database=yourdatabase;uid=username;pwd=yourpassword;option=16386;"
OLEDB鏈接
適合的數(shù)據(jù)庫類型 鏈接方式
access "Provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;data source=your_database_path;user id=admin;password=pass;"
Oracle "Provider=OraOLEDB.Oracle;data source=dbname;user id=admin;password=pass;"
MS SQL Server "Provider=SQLOLEDB;data source=machinename;initial catalog=dbname;userid=sa;password=pass;"
MS text "Provider=microsof.jet.oledb.4.0;data source=your_path;Extended Properties′text;FMT=Delimited′"
而我們在一般情況下使用Access的數(shù)據(jù)庫比較多，在這里我建議大家連接Access數(shù)據(jù)庫使用下面的方法：
dim conn
set conn = server.createobject("adodb.connection")
conn.open = "provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;" "data source = " server.mappath("../db/bbs.mdb")
其中../db/bbs.mdb是你的數(shù)據(jù)庫存放的相對路徑！如果你的數(shù)據(jù)庫和ASP文件在同一目錄下，你只要這樣寫就可以了：
dim conn
set conn = server.createobject("adodb.connection")
conn.open = "provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;" "data source = " server.mappath("bbs.mdb")
有許多初學者在遇到數(shù)據(jù)庫連接時總是會出問題，然而使用上面的驅(qū)動程序只要你的數(shù)據(jù)庫路徑選對了就不會出問題了。
數(shù)據(jù)庫有很多種類：mysql，oracle，mssql，db2等等。PHP操作數(shù)據(jù)庫的時候，要保證該類型數(shù)據(jù)庫的擴展已開啟。這里連接的數(shù)據(jù)庫以mysql為例：?php
//數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器地址
$host="localhost";
//連接數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶名
$uname="root";
//連接數(shù)據(jù)庫密碼
$upass="";
//連接數(shù)據(jù)庫
$conn=mysql_connect($host, $uname,$upass);
//判斷連接
if(!$conn){
die("連接數(shù)據(jù)庫失敗！").mysql_errno();
}
//連接成功，其他操作省略
?
我自己封裝的一個
?php
class AppConfig{
public static $dbParam = array(
'dbHost' = 'localhost',
'dbUser' = 'root',
'dbPassword' ='',
'dbName' = '數(shù)據(jù)庫名',
'dbCharset' = 'utf8',
'dbPort' = 3306,
'dbPrefix' = 'test_',
'dbPconnect' = 0,
'dbDebug' = true,
);
}
class Model {
private $version = ''; //mysql版本
private $config = array(); //數(shù)據(jù)庫配置數(shù)組
private $class; //當前類名
public $tablepre = 'ts_'; //表前綴
public $db = ''; //庫名
public $table = ''; //表名
private static $link; //數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接句柄
private $data = array(); //中間數(shù)據(jù)容器
private $condition = ''; //查詢條件
private $fields = array(); //字段信息
private $sql = array(); //sql集合，調(diào)試用
public $primaryKey = 'id'; //表主鍵
//構造函數(shù)初始化
public function __construct($dbParam = array()) {
$this-config = (is_array($dbParam) !empty($dbParam)) ? $dbParam : AppConfig::$dbParam;
$this-connect();
$this-init();
}
//鏈接數(shù)據(jù)庫
private function connect() {
if($this-config['dbPconnect']) {
self::$link = @mysql_pconnect($this-config['dbHost'], $this-config['dbUser'], $this-config['dbPassword']);
}else{
self::$link = @mysql_connect($this-config['dbHost'], $this-config['dbUser'], $this-config['dbPassword'], true);
}
mysql_errno(self::$link) != 0 $this-errdie('Could not connect Mysql: ');
$this-db= !empty($this-db) ? $this-db : $this-config['dbName'];
$serverinfo = $this-version();
if ($serverinfo '4.1' $this-config['dbCharset']) {
mysql_query("SET character_set_connection=".$this-config['dbCharset'].",character_set_results=".$this-config['dbCharset'].",character_set_client=binary", self::$link);
}
if ($serverinfo '5.0') {
mysql_query("SET sql_mode=''", self::$link);
}
@mysql_select_db($this-db, self::$link) or $this-errdie('Cannot use database');
return self::$link;
}
//表基本信息初始化
protected function init() {
$this-class = get_class($this);
$this-table = !empty($this-table) ? $this-table : strtolower($this-class);
$this-table = $this-tablepre . $this-table;
return $this;
}
//設置屬性值
public function __set($name, $value) {
//exit($value);
$this-data['fields'][$name] = $value;
}
//獲取屬性值
public function __get($name) {
if(isset($this-data['fields'][$name])) {
return($this-data['fields'][$name]);
}else {
return NULL;
}
}
//字段信息處理
private function implodefields($data) {
if (!is_array($data)) {
$data = array();
}
$this-fields = !empty($this-data['fields']) ? array_merge($this-data['fields'], $data) : $data;
foreach($this-fields as $key = $value) {
$fieldsNameValueStr[] = "`$key`='$value'";
$fieldsNameStr[] = "`$key`";
$fieldsValueStr[] = "'$value'";
}
return array($fieldsNameValueStr, $fieldsNameStr, $fieldsValueStr);
}
//條件判斷組裝
private function condition($where = NULL) {
if (is_numeric($where)) {
$where = "WHERE `{$this-primaryKey}`='{$where}' LIMIT 1";
}elseif (is_array($where)){
$where = "WHERE `{$this-primaryKey}` in (".implode(',',$where).")";
}elseif(!empty($this-data['condition'])){
//'預留WHERE', 'order', 'group', 'limit' …………等條件關鍵詞處理接口
$where = $where ? "WHERE {$where}" : "WHERE 1";
isset($this-data['condition']['where']) $where .= ' AND '.$this-data['condition']['where'];
isset($this-data['condition']['group']) $where .= ' GROUP BY '.$this-data['condition']['group'];
isset($this-data['condition']['order']) $where .= ' ORDER BY '.$this-data['condition']['order'];
isset($this-data['condition']['limit']) $where .= ' LIMIT '.$this-data['condition']['limit'];
}else{
$where = "WHERE {$where}";
}
$this-condition = $where;
return $this;
}
//插入數(shù)據(jù)
public function insert($data = array(), $replace = false) {
$fields = $this-implodefields($data);
$insert = $replace ? 'REPLACE' : 'INSERT';
$sql = "{$insert} INTO `{$this-db}`.`{$this-table}` (".implode(', ',$fields[1]).") values (".implode(', ',$fields[2]).")";
$this-query($sql);
return $this-getInsertId();
}
//更新數(shù)據(jù)
public function update($data = array() ,$where = '') {
$numargs = func_num_args();
if ($numargs == 1) {
$where = $data;
$data = array();
}
$fields = $this-implodefields($data);
$this-condition($where);
$sql = "UPDATE `{$this-db}`.`{$this-table}` SET ".implode(', ',$fields[0])." {$this-condition}";
$this-query($sql);
return $this-getAffectedRows();
}
//刪除數(shù)據(jù)
public function delete($where = NULL) {
if(!is_array($where) strtolower(substr(trim($where), 0, 6)) == 'delete'){
$sql = $where;
}else{
$this-condition($where);
$sql = "DELETE FROM `{$this-db}`.`{$this-table}` {$this-condition}";
}
$this-query($sql);
return $this-getAffectedRows();
}
//查詢數(shù)據(jù)
public function select($where = NULL, $fields = '*') {
if(!is_array($where) strtolower(substr(trim($where), 0, 6)) == 'select'){
$sql = $where;
}else{
$this-condition($where);
$sql = "SELECT {$fields} FROM `{$this-db}`.`{$this-table}` {$this-condition}";
}
return $this-fetch($this-query($sql));
}
//查詢一條數(shù)據(jù)
public function getOne($where, $fields = '*') {
$data = $this-select($where, $fields = '*');
if($data) {
return $data[0];
}
return array();
}
//查詢多條數(shù)據(jù)
public function getAll($where, $fields = '*') {
$data = $this-select($where, $fields = '*');
return $data;
}
//結果數(shù)量
public function getCount($where = '', $fields = '*') {
$this-condition($where);
$sql = "SELECT count({$fields}) as count FROM `{$this-db}`.`{$this-table}` {$this-condition}";
$data = $this-query($sql);
if($data){
return @mysql_result($data,0);
}
return 0;
}
//執(zhí)行sql語句（flag為0返回mysql_query查詢后的結果，為1返回lastid，其他返回影響行數(shù)，默認為2返回影響行數(shù)）
public function query($sql, $flag = '0', $type = '') {
if ($this-config['dbDebug']) {
$startime = $this-microtime_float();
}
//查詢
if ($type == 'UNBUFFERED' function_exists('mysql_unbuffered_query')) {
$result = @mysql_unbuffered_query($sql, self::$link);
} else {
//exit($sql);
$result = @mysql_query($sql, self::$link);
}
//重試
if (in_array(mysql_errno(self::$link), array(2006,2013)) empty($result) $this-config['dbPconnect']==0 !defined('RETRY')) {
define('RETRY',true); @mysql_close(self::$link); sleep(2);
$this-connect();
$result = $this-query($sql);
}
if ($result === false) {
$this-errdie($sql);
}
if ($this-config['dbDebug']) {
$endtime = $this-microtime_float();
$this-sql[] = array($sql,$endtime-$startime);
}
//清空操作數(shù)據(jù)
$this-data = array();
return $flag == '0' ? $result : ($flag == '1' ? $this-getInsertId() : $this-getAffectedRows());
}
//返回結果$onlyone為true返回一條否則返回所有,$type有MYSQL_ASSOC,MYSQL_NUM,MYSQL_BOTH
public function fetch($result, $onlyone = false, $type = MYSQL_ASSOC) {
if($result){
if ($onlyone) {
$row = @mysql_fetch_array($result, $type);
return $row;
}else{
$rowsRs = array();
while($row=@mysql_fetch_array($result, $type)) {
$rowsRs[] = $row;
}
return $rowsRs;
}
}
return array();
}
//可以運行SELECT，SHOW，EXPLAIN 或 DESCRIBE 等返回一個資源標識符的語句得到返回結果數(shù)組
public function show($sql, $onlyone = false) {
return $this-fetch($this-query($sql), $onlyone);
}
// 使用call函數(shù)處理同類型函數(shù)
private function __call($name, $arguments) {
$callArr = array('on', 'where', 'order', 'between', 'group', 'limit');
if (in_array($name, $callArr)) {
$this-data['condition'][$name] = $arguments[0];
}else{
$this-errdie("function error: function {$name} is not in ($this-class) class exist");
}
return $this;
}
//返回最后一次插入ID
public function getInsertId() {
return @mysql_insert_id(self::$link);
}
//返回受影響行數(shù)
public function getAffectedRows() {
return @mysql_affected_rows(self::$link);
}
//獲取錯誤信息
private function error() {
return ((self::$link) ? @mysql_error(self::$link) : @mysql_error());
}
//獲取錯誤信息ID
private function errno() {
return ((self::$link) ? @mysql_errno(self::$link) : @mysql_errno());
}
//獲取版本信息
function version() {
if(empty($this-version)) {
$this-version = mysql_get_server_info(self::$link);
}
return $this-version;
}
//打印錯誤信息
private function errdie($sql = '') {
if ($this-config['dbDebug']) {
die('/BRBMySQL ERROR/B/BR
SQL:'.$sql.'/BR
ERRNO:'.$this-errno().'/BR
ERROR:'.$this-error().'/BR');
}
die('DB ERROR！??！');
}
//獲取時間微妙數(shù)
private function microtime_float()
{
list($usec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime());
return ((float)$usec + (float)$sec);
}
//析構函數(shù)
public function __destruct() {
echo 'hr';
$this-config['dbDebug'] print_r($this-sql);
//unset($this-result);
//unset($this-condition);
//unset($this-data);
}
}
class user extends Model {
//public $db = 'qsf_mvc';
//public $table = 'user';
public $primaryKey = 'uid';
}
$userObj = new user();
//---------------------------------------插入數(shù)據(jù)方法一-----------------------------------------
//模擬ActiveRecord模式 插入數(shù)據(jù)
$userObj-username = 'hoho';
$userObj-passwd = '1478522';
$userObj-email = 'qsf.z11@163.com';
$userObj-sex = 1;
$userObj-desc = '清潔工';
$insetId = $userObj-insert();
if ($insetId 0) {
echo "插入ID為:{$insetId}BR";
}
//---------------------------------------插入數(shù)據(jù)方法二-----------------------------------------
//直接數(shù)組做參數(shù)插入數(shù)據(jù)
$userArr = array(
'username' = 'hoho',
'passwd' = '1478522',
'email' = 'qsf.z2121ia@163.com',
'sex' = '1',
'desc' = '廚師',
);
$insetId = $userObj-insert($userArr);
if ($insetId 0) {
echo "插入ID為:{$insetId}BR";
}
//---------------------------------------更新數(shù)據(jù)方法一----------------------------------------
$userObj-username = 'h111oho';
$userObj-passwd = '1478511122';
$userObj-email = 'qsf111ia@163.com';
$userObj-sex = 1;
$userObj-desc = '清潔工';
$affectedRows1 = $userObj-update(89);
if ($affectedRows1 0) {
echo "影響行數(shù)為:{$affectedRows1}BR";
}
//---------------------------------------更新數(shù)據(jù)方法二----------------------------------------
//更新記錄（傳遞參數(shù)的方式和insert操作一樣）
$userArr = array(
'username' = 'hohoho',
'passwd' = '1474rr4448522',
'email' = 'qsf.rrza@165.com',
'sex' = '0',
'desc' = '廚師qq',
);
$affectedRows = $userObj-update($userArr, $insetId);
if ($affectedRows 0) {
echo "影響行數(shù)為:{$affectedRows}BR";
}
//----------------------------------------查詢數(shù)據(jù)----------------------------------------------
$userRs0 = $userObj-select(8); //單個主鍵值
//print_r($userRs0);
$userRs1 = $userObj-select(array(1,5,8)); //多個主鍵值的數(shù)組
//print_r($userRs1);
$userRs2 = $userObj-select('select count(*) as count from user where uid 20'); //直接完整sql語句
//print_r($userRs2);
$userRs3 = $userObj-select("`uid` 0"); //where條件
//print_r($userRs3);
$userRs4 = $userObj-getOne("`uid` 0"); //獲取單條記錄
//print_r($userRs4);
$usersRs5 = $userObj-getAll("`uid` 0"); ////獲取所有記錄
//print_r($usersRs5);
$usersRs6 = $userObj-limit('0,10')-where('uid 100')-order('uid DESC')-group('username')-select();
//print_r($usersRs6);
//----------------------------------------刪除數(shù)據(jù)-----------------------------------------------
//刪除操作傳遞參數(shù)的方式和select操作一樣
$userObj-delete(60); //單個主鍵值
$userObj-delete(array(1,5,8)); //多個主鍵值的數(shù)組
$userObj-delete('delete from user where uid 100'); //直接完整sql語句
$userObj-delete("`uid` 100"); //where條件
$userObj-limit('5')-where('uid 80')-delete();
//----------------------------------------特殊查詢-----------------------------------------------
$userShowRs = $userObj-show('show create table user', true); //獲取特殊查詢的結果,第二個參數(shù)代表返回一條結果還是所有的結果
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