這篇文章主要介紹java中圖形化界面如何實(shí)現(xiàn)混合運(yùn)算計(jì)算器,文中介紹的非常詳細(xì),具有一定的參考價(jià)值,感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完!
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截圖如下:
首先是布局都比較簡(jiǎn)單,最上面的一個(gè)框是總的輸出框,
第二個(gè)框是每次輸入的數(shù)字顯示在框內(nèi),
對(duì)于每一個(gè)按鈕都增加監(jiān)聽器,
對(duì)于數(shù)字按鈕:當(dāng)長(zhǎng)度大于8的 或者等號(hào)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)之后就不再處理按鈕事件
if(e.getSource().equals(button1)) { s=numberText.getText(); //數(shù)字長(zhǎng)度大于8或者等號(hào)已出現(xiàn) if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("1"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "1"); } }
其余的按鈕都差不多。
當(dāng)按鈕為小數(shù)點(diǎn)時(shí),長(zhǎng)度大于7就不再處理,因?yàn)榭偟拈L(zhǎng)度不能超過8,而小數(shù)點(diǎn)后面還要與數(shù)字,
同時(shí)標(biāo)記小數(shù)點(diǎn)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過,因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)數(shù)中最多出現(xiàn)一個(gè)小數(shù)點(diǎn)
//當(dāng)按鈕為小數(shù)點(diǎn)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonpoint)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>7 || equalbook == 1) { } if(pointbook==0) { numberText.setText(s + "."); pointbook = 1; } }
當(dāng)按鈕為加號(hào)時(shí):
當(dāng)數(shù)字輸入框?yàn)榭諘r(shí)不做處理
也有可能是最后一位是小數(shù)點(diǎn),當(dāng)然也不處理
當(dāng)最上方的輸出框的最后一位是右括號(hào)的時(shí)候,可以用加號(hào)
//當(dāng)按鈕為加號(hào)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonadd)) { s=numberText.getText(); char ch2[] = s.toCharArray(); int length2 = s.length() - 1; String S = expressText.getText(); char ch3[] = S.toCharArray(); int length3 = S.length() - 1; //當(dāng)數(shù)字為空或?yàn)?或數(shù)字的最后一位是小數(shù)點(diǎn)時(shí)不作處理 if((length3 == -1 ||ch3[length3] != ')') && (s.equals("0") || s.equals("") || ch2[length2] == '.')) { }else { numberText.setText(""); expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + s + "+"); } }
+, -, *, /都差不多
當(dāng)前面是運(yùn)算符或者左括號(hào)的時(shí)候才能用左括號(hào), 注意當(dāng)框內(nèi)無元素的時(shí)候也可以加左括號(hào), 但是需要判斷元素的個(gè)數(shù)是否大于0
if(e.getSource().equals(buttonleft)) { if(!numberText.getText().equals("0") && !numberText.getText().contentEquals("")) { expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + numberText.getText()); } s=expressText.getText(); char ch[] = s.toCharArray(); int length = s.length() - 1; /* * 當(dāng)前面是運(yùn)算符或者左括號(hào)的時(shí)候才能用左括號(hào) * 注意當(dāng)框內(nèi)無元素的時(shí)候也可以加左括號(hào) * 但是需要判斷元素的個(gè)數(shù)是否大于0 */ if(length == -1 || ch[length] == '+' || ch[length] == '-' || ch[length] == '*' || ch[length] == '/' || ch[length] == '(' || s.equals("")) { expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + '('); leftNum++; } }
右括號(hào)就不一樣
if(e.getSource().equals(buttonright)) { if(!numberText.getText().equals("0")) { expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + numberText.getText()); numberText.setText(""); } s=expressText.getText(); char ch[] = s.toCharArray(); int length = s.length() - 1; /* * 只有前面是數(shù)字的時(shí)候且左括 * 號(hào)的數(shù)量大于右括號(hào)的數(shù)量的時(shí)候才能加右括號(hào) */ if(Character.isDigit(ch[length]) && leftNum > rightNum) { rightNum++; expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + ')'); } }
當(dāng)按鈕為 C時(shí),清除所有內(nèi)容并更新等號(hào)狀態(tài), 左括號(hào)數(shù)量, 右括號(hào)數(shù)量, 小數(shù)點(diǎn)狀態(tài),當(dāng)一次計(jì)算完成之后,只有按C按鈕才能進(jìn)行新的計(jì)算。
當(dāng)按鈕為CE時(shí),只清除數(shù)字框中的內(nèi)容。
if(e.getSource().equals(buttonC)) { numberText.setText("0"); expressText.setText(""); leftNum = 0; rightNum = 0; pointbook = 0; equalbook = 0; }
當(dāng)按鈕為等號(hào)時(shí)就把總輸出框中顯示的字符串取出進(jìn)行計(jì)算,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)計(jì)算器是帶括號(hào)的,所以這里我用了逆波蘭表達(dá)式做的,需要把中綴表達(dá)式變?yōu)楹缶Y表達(dá)式,然后進(jìn)行計(jì)算,這一點(diǎn)我認(rèn)為是最困難的一點(diǎn),后面有時(shí)間我會(huì)再寫關(guān)于 逆波蘭表達(dá)式實(shí)現(xiàn)以及 逆波蘭表達(dá)式的求值。
需要注意588行的代碼,最后的兩個(gè)括號(hào)的條件沒有加上,導(dǎo)致花了周末一天在找bug......
else if((ch[j] == '*' || ch[j] == '/') && (operater1=='+' || operater1=='-') || (operater1=='(' || operater1 == ')')) { Operater.push(ch[j]); break; }
所有代碼:
package cn.edu.shengda; /* * author 201705050153 張宜強(qiáng) */ import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.util.Stack; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JTextField; public class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener { Calculator() { init(); } public void init() { JFrame frame = new JFrame ("計(jì)算器"); frame.setBackground(Color.yellow); frame.setLayout(null); //放置數(shù)字0 button0 = new JButton("0"); button0.setBounds(20, 200, 100, 25); frame.add(button0); //放置數(shù)字1 button1 = new JButton("1"); button1.setBounds(20, 170, 45, 25); frame.add(button1); //放置數(shù)字2 button2 = new JButton("2"); button2.setBounds(75, 170, 45, 25); frame.add(button2); //放置數(shù)字3 button3 = new JButton("3"); button3.setBounds(130, 170, 45, 25); frame.add(button3); //放置數(shù)字4 button4 = new JButton("4"); button4.setBounds(20, 140, 45, 25); frame.add(button4); //放置數(shù)字5 button5 = new JButton("5"); button5.setBounds(75, 140, 45, 25); frame.add(button5); //放置數(shù)字6 button6 = new JButton("6"); button6.setBounds(130, 140, 45, 25); frame.add(button6); //放置數(shù)字7 button7 = new JButton("7"); button7.setBounds(20, 110, 45, 25); frame.add(button7); //放置數(shù)字8 button8 = new JButton("8"); button8.setBounds(75, 110, 45, 25); frame.add(button8); //放置數(shù)字9 button9 = new JButton("9"); button9.setBounds(130, 110, 45, 25); frame.add(button9); //放置 . buttonpoint = new JButton("."); buttonpoint.setBounds(130, 200, 45, 25); frame.add(buttonpoint); //放置 + buttonadd = new JButton("+"); buttonadd.setBounds(185, 200, 45, 25); frame.add(buttonadd); //放置 - buttonreduce = new JButton("-"); buttonreduce.setBounds(185, 170, 45, 25); frame.add(buttonreduce); //放置 * buttonride = new JButton("*"); buttonride.setBounds(185, 140, 45, 25); frame.add(buttonride); //放置 / buttonexcept = new JButton("/"); buttonexcept.setBounds(185, 110, 45, 25); frame.add(buttonexcept); //放置 = buttonequal = new JButton("="); buttonequal.setBounds(240, 170, 55, 55); frame.add(buttonequal); //計(jì)算1/x buttoninvert = new JButton("1/x"); buttoninvert.setBounds(240, 110, 55, 55); frame.add(buttoninvert); //放置左括號(hào) buttonleft = new JButton("("); buttonleft.setBounds(20, 80, 45, 25); frame.add(buttonleft); //放置右括號(hào) buttonright = new JButton(")"); buttonright.setBounds(75, 80, 45, 25); frame.add(buttonright); //放置C 消除所有輸入 buttonC = new JButton("C"); buttonC.setBounds(130, 80, 75, 25); frame.add(buttonC); //放置CE 消除當(dāng)前輸入 buttonCE = new JButton("CE"); buttonCE.setBounds(220, 80, 75, 25); frame.add(buttonCE); //添加表達(dá)式文本框 expressText = new JTextField(); expressText.setBounds(20, 10, 300, 30); frame.add(expressText); //添加數(shù)字文本框 numberText = new JTextField("0"); numberText.setBounds(20, 40, 300, 30); frame.add(numberText); //加監(jiān)聽器 button0.addActionListener(this); button1.addActionListener(this); button2.addActionListener(this); button3.addActionListener(this); button4.addActionListener(this); button5.addActionListener(this); button6.addActionListener(this); button7.addActionListener(this); button8.addActionListener(this); button9.addActionListener(this); buttonpoint.addActionListener(this); buttonadd.addActionListener(this); buttonreduce.addActionListener(this); buttonride.addActionListener(this); buttonexcept.addActionListener(this); buttoninvert.addActionListener(this); buttonequal.addActionListener(this); buttonleft.addActionListener(this); buttonright.addActionListener(this); buttonC.addActionListener(this); buttonCE.addActionListener(this); numberText.addActionListener(this); expressText.addActionListener(this); frame.setBounds(0, 0, 350, 300); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setVisible(true); } JButton button0; JButton button1; JButton button2; JButton button3; JButton button4; JButton button5; JButton button6; JButton button7; JButton button8; JButton button9; JButton buttonpoint; JButton buttonadd; JButton buttonreduce; JButton buttonride; JButton buttonexcept; JButton buttonequal; JButton buttoninvert; JButton buttonleft; JButton buttonright; JButton buttonC; JButton buttonCE; JTextField numberText; JTextField expressText; String s = null; //記錄小數(shù)點(diǎn)是否出現(xiàn),每次當(dāng)前數(shù)字框中只能出現(xiàn)一個(gè)小數(shù)點(diǎn) int pointbook = 0; //記錄等號(hào)是否出現(xiàn),每次計(jì)算的總算式只能出現(xiàn)一個(gè)等號(hào) int equalbook = 0; //記錄左括號(hào)的數(shù)量 int leftNum = 0; //記錄有括號(hào)的數(shù)量 int rightNum = 0; @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //當(dāng)按鈕為0時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button0)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8) { } else if(s.equals("0") || equalbook == 1) { }else { numberText.setText(s + "0"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為1時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button1)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("1"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "1"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為2時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button2)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("2"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "2"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為3時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button3)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("3"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "3"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為4時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button4)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("4"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "4"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為5時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button5)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("5"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "5"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為6時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button6)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("6"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "6"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為7時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button7)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("7"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "7"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為3時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button8)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("8"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "8"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為9時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(button9)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>8 || equalbook == 1) { } else if(s.equals("0") || s.equals("")) { numberText.setText("9"); }else { numberText.setText(s + "9"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為小數(shù)點(diǎn)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonpoint)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(s.length()>7 || equalbook == 1) { } if(pointbook==0) { numberText.setText(s + "."); pointbook = 1; } } //當(dāng)按鈕為加號(hào)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonadd)) { s=numberText.getText(); char ch2[] = s.toCharArray(); int length2 = s.length() - 1; String S = expressText.getText(); char ch3[] = S.toCharArray(); int length3 = S.length() - 1; //當(dāng)數(shù)字為空或?yàn)?或數(shù)字的最后一位是小數(shù)點(diǎn)時(shí)不作處理 if((length3 == -1 ||ch3[length3] != ')') && (s.equals("0") || s.equals("") || ch2[length2] == '.')) { }else { numberText.setText(""); expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + s + "+"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為減號(hào)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonreduce)) { s=numberText.getText(); char ch2[] = s.toCharArray(); int length2 = s.length() - 1; String S = expressText.getText(); char ch3[] = S.toCharArray(); int length3 = S.length() - 1; if((length3 == -1 ||ch3[length3] != ')') && (s.equals("0") || s.equals("") || ch2[length2]=='.')) { }else { numberText.setText(""); expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + s + "-"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為乘號(hào)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonride)) { s=numberText.getText(); char ch2[] = s.toCharArray(); int length2 = s.length() - 1; String S = expressText.getText(); char ch3[] = S.toCharArray(); int length3 = S.length() - 1; if((length3 == -1 ||ch3[length3] != ')') && (s.equals("0") || s.equals("") || ch2[length2]=='.')) { }else { numberText.setText(""); expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + s + "*"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為除號(hào)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonexcept)) { s=numberText.getText(); char ch2[] = s.toCharArray(); int length2 = s.length() - 1; String S = expressText.getText(); char ch3[] = S.toCharArray(); int length3 = S.length() - 1; if((length3 == -1 ||ch3[length3] != ')') && (s.equals("0") || s.equals("") || ch2[length2]=='.')) { }else { numberText.setText(""); expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + s + "/"); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為左括號(hào)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonleft)) { if(!numberText.getText().equals("0") && !numberText.getText().contentEquals("")) { expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + numberText.getText()); } s=expressText.getText(); char ch[] = s.toCharArray(); int length = s.length() - 1; /* * 當(dāng)前面是運(yùn)算符或者左括號(hào)的時(shí)候才能用左括號(hào) * 注意當(dāng)框內(nèi)無元素的時(shí)候也可以加左括號(hào) * 但是需要判斷元素的個(gè)數(shù)是否大于0 */ if(length == -1 || ch[length] == '+' || ch[length] == '-' || ch[length] == '*' || ch[length] == '/' || ch[length] == '(' || s.equals("")) { expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + '('); leftNum++; } } //當(dāng)按鈕為右括號(hào)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonright)) { if(!numberText.getText().equals("0")) { expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + numberText.getText()); numberText.setText(""); } s=expressText.getText(); char ch[] = s.toCharArray(); int length = s.length() - 1; /* * 只有前面是數(shù)字的時(shí)候且左括 * 號(hào)的數(shù)量大于右括號(hào)的數(shù)量的時(shí)候才能加右括號(hào) */ if(Character.isDigit(ch[length]) && leftNum > rightNum) { rightNum++; expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + ')'); } } /* *當(dāng)按鈕為 C時(shí) *清除所有內(nèi)容 *并更新等號(hào)狀態(tài), 左括號(hào)數(shù)量, 右括號(hào)數(shù)量, 小數(shù)點(diǎn)狀態(tài) *當(dāng)一次計(jì)算完成之后,只有按CE按鈕才能進(jìn)行新的計(jì)算 */ if(e.getSource().equals(buttonC)) { numberText.setText("0"); expressText.setText(""); leftNum = 0; rightNum = 0; pointbook = 0; equalbook = 0; } /* *當(dāng)按鈕為CE時(shí), *清除當(dāng)前數(shù)字框中內(nèi)容 *更新小數(shù)點(diǎn)狀態(tài) */ if(e.getSource().equals(buttonCE)) { numberText.setText("0"); pointbook = 0; } //當(dāng)按鈕為1/x時(shí)把輸入框中的值變?yōu)榈箶?shù) if(e.getSource().equals(buttoninvert) ) { s = numberText.getText(); //等于0的時(shí)候不進(jìn)行操作 if(s.equals("0")) { }else { double a = Double.parseDouble(numberText.getText()); a = 1/a; numberText.setText(String.valueOf(a)); } } //當(dāng)按鈕為等于號(hào)時(shí) if(e.getSource().equals(buttonequal)) { s=numberText.getText(); if(!s.equals("0") && !s.equals("")) { expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + s); } //當(dāng)?shù)忍?hào)沒有出現(xiàn)時(shí)才能輸入等號(hào) if(equalbook == 0) { numberText.setText(""); //補(bǔ)全右括號(hào) for(int i = 0; i < leftNum - rightNum; i++) { expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + ')'); } /* * 聲明棧 * 一個(gè)char型存儲(chǔ)運(yùn)算符 * 將中綴表達(dá)式轉(zhuǎn)化為逆波蘭表達(dá)式 */ String[] ansString = new String[100]; int Size = 0; StackOperater = new Stack (); s = expressText.getText(); char ch[] = s.toCharArray(); int length = ch.length; for(int j = 0; j < length; j++) { //當(dāng)數(shù)組元素為數(shù)字時(shí) if(ch[j] >='0' && ch[j] <= '9') { double Number = ch[j] - '0'; //繼續(xù)往后遍歷,直到不是數(shù)字和小數(shù)點(diǎn) //記錄小數(shù)點(diǎn)是否出現(xiàn) int point = 0; //記錄小數(shù)點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)后的位數(shù) int bit = 1; if(j==length-1) { ansString[Size++] = String.valueOf(Number); } for(j++; j '9') && ch[j]!='.') { j--; ansString[Size++] = String.valueOf(Number); break; } if(ch[j] == '.') { point = 1; continue; } if(ch[j] >= '0' && ch[j] <= '9') { /* * 當(dāng)小數(shù)點(diǎn)沒有出現(xiàn)時(shí)和沒出現(xiàn)時(shí)要分開討論 */ if(point == 0) { Number = Number * 10 + (ch[j] - '0'); } else { Number = Number + Math.pow(10, -bit) * (ch[j]-'0'); bit++; } } } } else { //考慮運(yùn)算符 if(ch[j] =='(') { Operater.push('('); } else if(ch[j]==')') { while(!Operater.peek().equals('(')) { ansString[Size++] = String.valueOf(Operater.peek()); Operater.pop(); } Operater.pop(); } else { if(Operater.empty()) { Operater.push(ch[j]); } else { //System.out.println("!" + ch[j]); while(true) { if(Operater.empty()) { Operater.push(ch[j]); break; } char operater1 = Operater.peek(); if((ch[j] == '*' || ch[j] == '/') && (operater1=='+' || operater1=='-') || (operater1=='(' || operater1 == ')')) { Operater.push(ch[j]); break; } else { ansString[Size++] = String.valueOf(Operater.peek()); Operater.pop(); } } } } } }//System.out.println(s); while(!Operater.empty()) { ansString[Size++] = String.valueOf(Operater.peek()); Operater.pop(); } // for(int i=0; i Last = new Stack (); for(int i=0; i ='0' && ch3[0]<='9') { Last.push(Double.parseDouble(s1)); } else { double num1 = Last.pop(); double num2 = Last.pop(); double num3 = 0; if(ch3[0]=='+') num3 = num2 + num1; else if(ch3[0]=='-') num3 = num2 - num1; else if(ch3[0]=='*') num3 = num2 * num1; else if(ch3[0]=='/') num3 = num2 / num1; Last.push(num3); } } expressText.setText(expressText.getText() + "=" + Last.pop()); equalbook = 1; } } } public static void main(String []args) { Calculator calculator = new Calculator(); } }
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