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Oraclelinux7.2安裝11gRAC

注意:所有需要在兩臺(tái)主機(jī)上都設(shè)置的操作都有注明,貼出過(guò)程僅以rac1為模版

站在用戶(hù)的角度思考問(wèn)題,與客戶(hù)深入溝通,找到吉州網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)與吉州網(wǎng)站推廣的解決方案,憑借多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn),讓設(shè)計(jì)與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)結(jié)合,創(chuàng)造個(gè)性化、用戶(hù)體驗(yàn)好的作品,建站類(lèi)型包括:成都網(wǎng)站建設(shè)、網(wǎng)站建設(shè)、企業(yè)官網(wǎng)、英文網(wǎng)站、手機(jī)端網(wǎng)站、網(wǎng)站推廣、域名申請(qǐng)雅安服務(wù)器托管、企業(yè)郵箱。業(yè)務(wù)覆蓋吉州地區(qū)。

 

IP規(guī)劃:

#Public IP

192.168.1.22  rac1

192.168.1.33  rac2

 

#Private IP

1.1.1.111 rac1-priv

1.1.1.222 rac2-priv

 

#Virtual IP

192.168.1.23 rac1-vip

192.168.1.34 rac2-vip

 

#Scan IP

192.168.1.77 rac-scan

 

更改IP地址(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-eno16777736

更改:

 

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=static                                                                                                                                                  

DEFROUTE=yes

PEERDNS=yes

PEERROUTES=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no

IPV6INIT=no

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes

IPV6_PEERDNS=yes

IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no

NAME=eno16777736

UUID=eeaef3ba-b1fe-498f-95e8-3a982ec8931e

DEVICE=eno16777736

ONBOOT=yes

IPADDR=192.168.1.22

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.1.1

DNS1=8.8.8.8

~                

由于實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境缺少網(wǎng)卡2的配置文件,所以自己copy一份手動(dòng)更改

[root@rac1 network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-eno16777736 ifcfg-eno33554984

[root@rac1 network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-eno33554984

添加:

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=static

DEFROUTE=yes

PEERDNS=yes

PEERROUTES=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no

IPV6INIT=no

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes

IPV6_PEERDNS=yes

IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no

NAME=eno33554984

UUID=7b040b98-b78e-44fa-91e1-5e115f0bdd9f

DEVICE=eno33554984

ONBOOT=yes

IPADDR=1.1.1.111

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=1.1.1.1

DNS1=8.8.8.8

~                                                                                           

根據(jù)自己的IP規(guī)劃,rac2相同操作

 

測(cè)試兩邊能否互相ping通

 

修改主機(jī)名

(測(cè)試環(huán)境安裝系統(tǒng)時(shí),已修改好)~

 

查看防火墻狀態(tài)(rac1和rac2)

 [root@rac1 ~]# systemctl status firewalld     

關(guān)閉防火墻(當(dāng)前狀態(tài))

[root@rac1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

關(guān)閉防火墻(永久)

[root@rac1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

 

 

 

修改host文件(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac2 network-scripts]# vi /etc/hosts

添加:

#Public IP

172.16.171.22  rac1

172.16.171.33  rac2

 

#Private IP

1.1.1.111 rac1-priv

1.1.1.222 rac2-priv

 

#Virtual IP

172.16.171.23 rac1-vip

172.16.171.34 rac2-vip

 

#Scan IP

172.16.171.77 rac-scan

 

重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 ~]# service network restart

 

配置內(nèi)核參數(shù)(rac1和rac2):[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

添加:

# for oracle 11g

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2147483648

kernel.shmmax = 68719476736

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

 

使參數(shù)生效(rac1和rac2):[root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/sysctl –p

 

更改limits文件(rac1和rac2):[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

添加:

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

 

 

更改login文件(rac1和rac2):[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login

添加:

session    required     pam_limits.so

 

更改profile文件(rac1和rac2):[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/profile

添加:

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

umask 022

fi

 

關(guān)閉selinux(rac1和rac2):[root@rac1 ~]#  vi /etc/selinux/config

修改:SELINUX=disabled

添加:

getsebool

getsebool: SELinux is disabled

 

重啟主機(jī)

 

 

添加用戶(hù)和組(rac1和rac2)

groupadd -g 501 oinstall

groupadd -g 502 dba

groupadd -g 503 oper

groupadd -g 504 asmadmin

groupadd -g 505 asmoper

groupadd -g 506 asmdba

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle

useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba grid

 

設(shè)置grid’和oracle密碼(rac1和rac2):

[root@rac1 ~]# passwd grid

[root@rac1 ~]# passwd oracle

 

創(chuàng)建目錄(rac1和rac2):

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

chmod -R 777 /u01/app/oraInventory

chmod -R 777 /u01

 

 

切換用戶(hù),添加環(huán)境變量(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

添加:

export ORACLE_SID=rac1

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

注意:rac2里面:export ORACLE_SID=rac2

 

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ su - grid

口令:

[grid@rac1 ~]$ vim .bash_profile

添加:

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

注意:rac2里面export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2       

 

 

 

關(guān)閉設(shè)備,修改虛擬機(jī)vmx文件。以記事本方式打開(kāi)(rac1和rac2分別操作)。添加:

disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"

disk.locking = "false"

scsi1.shared=”TRUE”

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:5.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:1.shared = "true"

scsi1:2.shared = "true"

scsi1:3.shared = "true"

scsi1:4.shared = "true"

scsi1:5.shared = "true

 

虛擬機(jī)編輯設(shè)置,添加三塊盤(pán),分別叫:OCR_VOTE.vmdk
data.vmdk       fra.vmdk(注意磁盤(pán)的大?。?/p>

 Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

 

剩下兩塊磁盤(pán)相同操作

注意:磁盤(pán)名以及磁盤(pán)大小和虛擬設(shè)備節(jié)點(diǎn)SCIS選擇1:2和1:3

 

rac2里面磁盤(pán)添加

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

剩下兩塊磁盤(pán)相同操作,注意虛擬設(shè)備節(jié)點(diǎn)SCIS選擇1:2和1:3與rac1上面磁盤(pán)對(duì)應(yīng)

 

開(kāi)啟虛擬機(jī)

 

查看磁盤(pán)是否掛載(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 ~]# fdisk –l

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

查詢(xún)磁盤(pán)UUID(rac1和rac2)

如果uuid查詢(xún)不到,檢查添加的虛擬機(jī)文件是否正確

虛擬機(jī)的vmx文件增加了disk.enableUUID = "TRUE" 

 

[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdb

36000c2917d180b5daef20885fa95bfbe

[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdc

36000c291b9457755e6bdafe27a6dd685

[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdd

36000c29c91113958099603eb65a72ce3

 

配置udev rules文件

/etc/udev/rule.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

[root@rac1 rules.d]# vi 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

 

添加:

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29e1359ab575540edf6a00fd489", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdisk01 b  $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdisk01; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdisk01'"

 

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c2988f455427ca667639a40ee44f", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdisk02 b  $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdisk02; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdisk02'"

 

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29c692398db6baa48338cc7b9b8", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdisk03 b  $major $minor; chown grid:oinstall /dev/asmdisk03; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdisk03'"

 

 

運(yùn)行:(rac1和rac2)

檢查新的設(shè)備名稱(chēng):

[root@rac1 rules.d]# /sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change

 

重新加載UDEV(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 rules.d]# /sbin/udevadm control –reload

 

為了診斷udev(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 rules.d]# /sbin/udevadm test /sys/block/sdb

[root@rac1 rules.d]# /sbin/udevadm test /sys/block/sdc

[root@rac1 rules.d]# /sbin/udevadm test /sys/block/sdd

 

查看是否綁定成功

[root@rac1 rules.d]# ls /dev/asm*

/dev/asmdisk01  /dev/asmdisk02  /dev/asmdisk03

 

解壓grid安裝包

Root用戶(hù)運(yùn)行運(yùn)行圖形化

[root@rac1 u01]# xhost +

切換用戶(hù)

[root@rac1 u01]# su – grid

 

設(shè)置display

(xmanager遠(yuǎn)程連接運(yùn)行圖像化)

[grid@rac1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=遠(yuǎn)程機(jī)器的IP地址:0.0

 

安裝grid

[grid@rac1 ~]$ cd /u01/grid/

 

[grid@rac1 grid]$ ./runInstaller

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

 

掛載光盤(pán)

[root@rac1 dev]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

 

安裝所需依賴(lài)包(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 /]# cd /mnt/Packages

[root@rac1 Packages]# rpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.163-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@rac1 Packages]# rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

缺少pdksh-5.2.14這個(gè)包,網(wǎng)上下載,安裝依賴(lài)包

[root@rac1 u01]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

運(yùn)行腳本(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 system]# cd /u01/app/oraInventory/

[root@rac1 system]# ./orainstRoot.sh

 

[root@rac1 system]# cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/

[root@rac1 system]# ./root.sh

運(yùn)行root腳本報(bào)錯(cuò)

ohasd failed to start

Failed to start the Clusterware. Last 20 lines of the alert log follow:

2015-05-23 23:37:45.460:

[client(13782)]CRS-2101:The OLR was formatted using version 3.

原因:因?yàn)镽HEL 7使用systemd而不是initd運(yùn)行進(jìn)程和重啟進(jìn)程,而root.sh通過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的initd運(yùn)行ohasd進(jìn)程。

解決方法:

取消root.sh重新運(yùn)行

/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl -deconfig -force –verbose

 

 

1. 以root用戶(hù)創(chuàng)建服務(wù)文件

 

#touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service

 

#chmod 777 /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service

 

2. 將以下內(nèi)容添加到新創(chuàng)建的ohas.service文件中

 

[root@rac1 init.d]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service

[Unit]

Description=Oracle High Availability Services

After=syslog.target

 

[Service]

ExecStart=/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple

Restart=always

 

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

 

3. 以root用戶(hù)運(yùn)行下面的命令

 

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable ohas.service

systemctl start ohas.service

4. 查看運(yùn)行狀態(tài)

 

[root@rac1 init.d]# systemctl status ohas.service

ohas.service - Oracle High Availability Services

   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service; enabled)

   Active: failed (Result: start-limit) since Fri 2015-09-11 16:07:32 CST; 1s ago

  Process: 5734 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)

 Main PID: 5734 (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)

 

 

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Starting Oracle High Availability Services...

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Started Oracle High Availability Services.

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: ohas.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Unit ohas.service entered failed state.

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: ohas.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Stopping Oracle High Availability Services...

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Starting Oracle High Availability Services...

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: ohas.service start request repeated too quickly, refusing to start.

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Failed to start Oracle High Availability Services.

Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Unit ohas.service entered failed state.

 

此時(shí)狀態(tài)為失敗,原因是現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有/etc/init.d/init.ohasd文件。

 

下面可以運(yùn)行腳本root.sh 不會(huì)再報(bào)ohasd failed to start錯(cuò)誤了。

 

如果還是報(bào)ohasd failed to start錯(cuò)誤,可能是root.sh腳本創(chuàng)建了init.ohasd之后,ohas.service沒(méi)有馬上啟動(dòng),解決方法參考以下:

 

當(dāng)運(yùn)行root.sh時(shí),一直刷新/etc/init.d ,直到出現(xiàn) init.ohasd 文件,馬上手動(dòng)啟動(dòng)ohas.service服務(wù) 命令:systemctl start ohas.service

 

[root@rac1 init.d]# systemctl status ohas.service

ohas.service - Oracle High Availability Services

   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service; enabled)

   Active: active (running) since Fri 2015-09-11 16:09:05 CST; 3s ago

 Main PID: 6000 (init.ohasd)

   CGroup: /system.slice/ohas.service

           6000 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple

           6026 /bin/sleep 10

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Grid用戶(hù):檢查是否安裝正確完成(rac1和rac2)

[grid@rac1 grid]$ crs_stat –t

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

配置asm磁盤(pán)

使用grid用戶(hù)執(zhí)行asmca

[grid@rac1 grid]$ asmca

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Root用戶(hù)解壓oracle,oracle用戶(hù)安裝oracle

 

[oracle@rac1 database]$ ./runInstaller

[oracle@rac1 database]$ export DISPLAY=遠(yuǎn)程機(jī)器的IP地址:0.0

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC.

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle用戶(hù):解決方法(rac1)

[oracle@rac1 lib]$ cd /$ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib

 [oracle@rac1 lib]$ cp ins_emagent.mk ins_emagent.mk.bak

[oracle@rac1 lib]$ vi ins_emagent.mk

輸入/NMECTL 快速查找,在參數(shù)后面加上-lnnz11  第一個(gè)是字母l 后兩個(gè)是數(shù)字1

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

然后回到界面點(diǎn)擊retry

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

運(yùn)行腳本(rac1和rac2)

[root@rac1 ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/

[root@rac1 ~]# ./root/sh

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle用戶(hù)DBCA創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(rac1)

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

注意oracle_sid與之前設(shè)置的環(huán)境變量里的相符合

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

Oracle linux7.2安裝11g RAC

至此,安裝完成,后續(xù)測(cè)試該環(huán)境是否能夠正常運(yùn)行。


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