Spring Security,這是一種基于 Spring AOP 和 Servlet 過濾器的安全框架。它提供全面的安全性解決方案,同時(shí)在 Web 請(qǐng)求級(jí)和方法調(diào)用級(jí)處理身份確認(rèn)和授權(quán)。
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從網(wǎng)上找了一張Spring Security 的工作流程圖,如下。
圖中標(biāo)記的MyXXX,就是我們項(xiàng)目中需要配置的。
表結(jié)構(gòu)
建表語句
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role_permission`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permission`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
CREATE TABLE `role` (
`id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
`user_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL,
`role_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE `role_permission` (
`role_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL,
`permission_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE `permission` (
`id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`url` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`description` varchar(255) NULL,
`pid` bigint(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
INSERT INTO user (id, username, password) VALUES (1,'user','e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e');
INSERT INTO user (id, username , password) VALUES (2,'admin','e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e');
INSERT INTO role (id, name) VALUES (1,'USER');
INSERT INTO role (id, name) VALUES (2,'ADMIN');
INSERT INTO permission (id, url, name, pid) VALUES (1,'/user/common','common',0);
INSERT INTO permission (id, url, name, pid) VALUES (2,'/user/admin','admin',0);
INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (1, 1);
INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (2, 1);
INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (2, 2);
INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (1, 1);
INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (2, 1);
INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (2, 2);
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-security
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.thymeleaf.extras
thymeleaf-extras-security4
spring:
thymeleaf:
mode: HTML5
encoding: UTF-8
cache: false
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.MySQL.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring-security?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
public class User implements UserDetails , Serializable {
private Long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private List authorities;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public List getAuthorities() {
return authorities;
}
public void setAuthorities(List authorities) {
this.authorities = authorities;
}
/**
* 用戶賬號(hào)是否過期
*/
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return true;
}
/**
* 用戶賬號(hào)是否被鎖定
*/
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return true;
}
/**
* 用戶密碼是否過期
*/
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return true;
}
/**
* 用戶是否可用
*/
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return true;
}
}
上面的 User 類實(shí)現(xiàn)了 UserDetails 接口,該接口是實(shí)現(xiàn)Spring Security 認(rèn)證信息的核心接口。其中 getUsername 方法為 UserDetails 接口 的方法,這個(gè)方法返回 username,也可以是其他的用戶信息,例如手機(jī)號(hào)、郵箱等。getAuthorities() 方法返回的是該用戶設(shè)置的權(quán)限信息,在本實(shí)例中,從數(shù)據(jù)庫取出用戶的所有角色信息,權(quán)限信息也可以是用戶的其他信息,不一定是角色信息。另外需要讀取密碼,最后幾個(gè)方法一般情況下都返回 true,也可以根據(jù)自己的需求進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)判斷。
public class Role implements GrantedAuthority {
private Long id;
private String name;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String getAuthority() {
return name;
}
}
Role 類實(shí)現(xiàn)了 GrantedAuthority 接口,并重寫 getAuthority() 方法。權(quán)限點(diǎn)可以為任何字符串,不一定非要用角色名。
所有的Authentication實(shí)現(xiàn)類都保存了一個(gè)GrantedAuthority列表,其表示用戶所具有的權(quán)限。GrantedAuthority是通過AuthenticationManager設(shè)置到Authentication對(duì)象中的,然后AccessDecisionManager將從Authentication中獲取用戶所具有的GrantedAuthority來鑒定用戶是否具有訪問對(duì)應(yīng)資源的權(quán)限。
@Service
public class MyUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Autowired
private RoleMapper roleMapper;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
//查數(shù)據(jù)庫
User user = userMapper.loadUserByUsername( userName );
if (null != user) {
List roles = roleMapper.getRolesByUserId( user.getId() );
user.setAuthorities( roles );
}
return user;
}
}
Service 層需要實(shí)現(xiàn) UserDetailsService 接口,該接口是根據(jù)用戶名獲取該用戶的所有信息, 包括用戶信息和權(quán)限點(diǎn)。
@Component
public class MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {
@Autowired
private PermissionMapper permissionMapper;
/**
* 每一個(gè)資源所需要的角色 Collection決策器會(huì)用到
*/
private static HashMap> map =null;
/**
* 返回請(qǐng)求的資源需要的角色
*/
@Override
public Collection getAttributes(Object o) throws IllegalArgumentException {
if (null == map) {
loadResourceDefine();
}
//object 中包含用戶請(qǐng)求的request 信息
HttpServletRequest request = ((FilterInvocation) o).getHttpRequest();
for (Iterator it = map.keySet().iterator() ; it.hasNext();) {
String url = it.next();
if (new AntPathRequestMatcher( url ).matches( request )) {
return map.get( url );
}
}
return null;
}
@Override
public Collection getAllConfigAttributes() {
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean supports(Class> aClass) {
return true;
}
/**
* 初始化 所有資源 對(duì)應(yīng)的角色
*/
public void loadResourceDefine() {
map = new HashMap<>(16);
//權(quán)限資源 和 角色對(duì)應(yīng)的表 也就是 角色權(quán)限 中間表
List rolePermissons = permissionMapper.getRolePermissions();
//某個(gè)資源 可以被哪些角色訪問
for (RolePermisson rolePermisson : rolePermissons) {
String url = rolePermisson.getUrl();
String roleName = rolePermisson.getRoleName();
ConfigAttribute role = new SecurityConfig(roleName);
if(map.containsKey(url)){
map.get(url).add(role);
}else{
List list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add( role );
map.put( url , list );
}
}
}
}
MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService 類實(shí)現(xiàn)了 FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource,F(xiàn)ilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource 的作用是用來儲(chǔ)存請(qǐng)求與權(quán)限的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。
FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource接口有3個(gè)方法:
/**
* 決策器
*/
@Component
public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {
private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAccessDecisionManager.class);
/**
* 通過傳遞的參數(shù)來決定用戶是否有訪問對(duì)應(yīng)受保護(hù)對(duì)象的權(quán)限
*
* @param authentication 包含了當(dāng)前的用戶信息,包括擁有的權(quán)限。這里的權(quán)限來源就是前面登錄時(shí)UserDetailsService中設(shè)置的authorities。
* @param object 就是FilterInvocation對(duì)象,可以得到request等web資源
* @param configAttributes configAttributes是本次訪問需要的權(quán)限
*/
@Override
public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {
if (null == configAttributes || 0 >= configAttributes.size()) {
return;
} else {
String needRole;
for(Iterator iter = configAttributes.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
needRole = iter.next().getAttribute();
for(GrantedAuthority ga : authentication.getAuthorities()) {
if(needRole.trim().equals(ga.getAuthority().trim())) {
return;
}
}
}
throw new AccessDeniedException("當(dāng)前訪問沒有權(quán)限");
}
}
/**
* 表示此AccessDecisionManager是否能夠處理傳遞的ConfigAttribute呈現(xiàn)的授權(quán)請(qǐng)求
*/
@Override
public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute configAttribute) {
return true;
}
/**
* 表示當(dāng)前AccessDecisionManager實(shí)現(xiàn)是否能夠?yàn)橹付ǖ陌踩珜?duì)象(方法調(diào)用或Web請(qǐng)求)提供訪問控制決策
*/
@Override
public boolean supports(Class> aClass) {
return true;
}
}
MyAccessDecisionManager 類實(shí)現(xiàn)了AccessDecisionManager接口,AccessDecisionManager是由AbstractSecurityInterceptor調(diào)用的,它負(fù)責(zé)鑒定用戶是否有訪問對(duì)應(yīng)資源(方法或URL)的權(quán)限。
@Component
public class MyFilterSecurityInterceptor extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor implements Filter {
@Autowired
private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;
@Autowired
public void setMyAccessDecisionManager(MyAccessDecisionManager myAccessDecisionManager) {
super.setAccessDecisionManager(myAccessDecisionManager);
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(servletRequest, servletResponse, filterChain);
invoke(fi);
}
public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException {
InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);
try {
//執(zhí)行下一個(gè)攔截器
fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
} finally {
super.afterInvocation(token, null);
}
}
@Override
public Class> getSecureObjectClass() {
return FilterInvocation.class;
}
@Override
public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {
return this.securityMetadataSource;
}
}
每種受支持的安全對(duì)象類型(方法調(diào)用或Web請(qǐng)求)都有自己的攔截器類,它是AbstractSecurityInterceptor的子類,AbstractSecurityInterceptor 是一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)受保護(hù)對(duì)象的訪問進(jìn)行攔截的抽象類。
AbstractSecurityInterceptor的機(jī)制可以分為幾個(gè)步驟:
AbstractSecurityInterceptor中的方法說明:
了解了AbstractSecurityInterceptor,就應(yīng)該明白了,我們自定義MyFilterSecurityInterceptor就是想使用我們之前自定義的 AccessDecisionManager 和 securityMetadataSource。
@EnableWebSecurity注解以及WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter一起配合提供基于web的security。自定義類 繼承了WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter來重寫了一些方法來指定一些特定的Web安全設(shè)置。
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private MyUserDetailsService userService;
@Autowired
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
//校驗(yàn)用戶
auth.userDetailsService( userService ).passwordEncoder( new PasswordEncoder() {
//對(duì)密碼進(jìn)行加密
@Override
public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) {
System.out.println(charSequence.toString());
return DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(charSequence.toString().getBytes());
}
//對(duì)密碼進(jìn)行判斷匹配
@Override
public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) {
String encode = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(charSequence.toString().getBytes());
boolean res = s.equals( encode );
return res;
}
} );
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/","index","/login","/login-error","/401","/css/**","/js/**").permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin().loginPage( "/login" ).failureUrl( "/login-error" )
.and()
.exceptionHandling().accessDeniedPage( "/401" );
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl( "/" );
}
}
@Controller
public class MainController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String root() {
return "redirect:/index";
}
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String index() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login() {
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping("/login-error")
public String loginError(Model model) {
model.addAttribute( "loginError" , true);
return "login";
}
@GetMapping("/401")
public String accessDenied() {
return "401";
}
@GetMapping("/user/common")
public String common() {
return "user/common";
}
@GetMapping("/user/admin")
public String admin() {
return "user/admin";
}
}
login.html
登錄
Login page
用戶名或密碼錯(cuò)誤
index.html
首頁
page list
common page
admin page
admin.html
admin page
success admin page?。?!
common.html
common page
success common page?。?!