這篇文章主要介紹了C#中關(guān)于ActiveMQ的應(yīng)用示例,具有一定借鑒價(jià)值,感興趣的朋友可以參考下,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后大有收獲,下面讓小編帶著大家一起了解一下。
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ActiveMQ是個(gè)好東東,不必多說(shuō)。ActiveMQ提供多種語(yǔ)言支持,如Java, C, C++, C#, Ruby, Perl, Python, PHP等。由于我在windows下開(kāi)發(fā)GUI,比較關(guān)心C++和C#,其中C#的ActiveMQ很簡(jiǎn)單,Apache提供NMS(.Net Messaging Service)支持.Net開(kāi)發(fā),只需如下幾個(gè)步驟即能建立簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)現(xiàn)。C++的應(yīng)用相對(duì)麻煩些,稍后寫(xiě)文章介紹。
1、去ActiveMQ官方網(wǎng)站下載最新版的ActiveMQ,我之前下的是5.3.1,5.3.2現(xiàn)在也已經(jīng)出來(lái)了。
2、去ActiveMQ官方網(wǎng)站下載最新版的Apache.NMS,需要下載Apache.NMS和Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ兩個(gè)bin包,如果對(duì)源碼感興趣,也可下載src包。這里要提醒一下,如果下載1.2.0版本的NMS.ActiveMQ,Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.dll在實(shí)際使用中有個(gè)bug,即停止ActiveMQ應(yīng)用時(shí)會(huì)拋WaitOne函數(shù)異常,查看src包中的源碼發(fā)現(xiàn)是由于Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ-1.2.0-src\src\main\csharp\Transport\InactivityMonitor.cs中的如下代碼造成的,修改一下源碼重新編譯即可??戳艘幌伦钚掳?.3.0已經(jīng)修復(fù)了這個(gè)bug,因此下載最新版即可。
private void StopMonitorThreads() { lock(monitor) { if(monitorStarted.CompareAndSet(true, false)) { AutoResetEvent shutdownEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false); // Attempt to wait for the Timers to shutdown, but don't wait // forever, if they don't shutdown after two seconds, just quit. this.readCheckTimer.Dispose(shutdownEvent); shutdownEvent.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000)); this.writeCheckTimer.Dispose(shutdownEvent); shutdownEvent.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000)); //WaitOne的定義:public virtual bool WaitOne(TimeSpan timeout,bool exitContext) this.asyncTasks.Shutdown(); this.asyncTasks = null; this.asyncWriteTask = null; this.asyncErrorTask = null; } } } private void StopMonitorThreads() { lock(monitor) { if(monitorStarted.CompareAndSet(true, false)) { AutoResetEvent shutdownEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false); // Attempt to wait for the Timers to shutdown, but don't wait // forever, if they don't shutdown after two seconds, just quit. this.readCheckTimer.Dispose(shutdownEvent); shutdownEvent.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000)); this.writeCheckTimer.Dispose(shutdownEvent); shutdownEvent.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000)); //WaitOne的定義:public virtual bool WaitOne(TimeSpan timeout,bool exitContext) this.asyncTasks.Shutdown(); this.asyncTasks = null; this.asyncWriteTask = null; this.asyncErrorTask = null; } } }
3、運(yùn)行ActiveMQ,找到ActiveMQ解壓后的bin文件夾:...\apache-activemq-5.3.1\bin,執(zhí)行activemq.bat批處理文件即可啟動(dòng)ActiveMQ服務(wù)器,默認(rèn)端口為61616,這可在配置文件中修改。
4、寫(xiě)C#程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)ActiveMQ的簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)用。新建C#工程(一個(gè)Producter項(xiàng)目和一個(gè)Consumer項(xiàng)目),WinForm或Console程序均可,這里建的是Console工程,添加對(duì)Apache.NMS.dll和Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.dll的引用,然后即可編寫(xiě)實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼了,簡(jiǎn)單的Producer和Consumer實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼如下:
producer:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using Apache.NMS; using Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ; using System.IO; using System.Xml.Serialization; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary; namespace Publish { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { try { //Create the Connection Factory IConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory("tcp://localhost:61616/"); using (IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection()) { //Create the Session using (ISession session = connection.CreateSession()) { //Create the Producer for the topic/queue IMessageProducer prod = session.CreateProducer( new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQTopic("testing")); //Send Messages int i = 0; while (!Console.KeyAvailable) { ITextMessage msg = prod.CreateTextMessage(); msg.Text = i.ToString(); Console.WriteLine("Sending: " + i.ToString()); prod.Send(msg, Apache.NMS.MsgDeliveryMode.NonPersistent, Apache.NMS.MsgPriority.Normal, TimeSpan.MinValue); System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000); i++; } } } Console.ReadLine(); } catch (System.Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("{0}",e.Message); Console.ReadLine(); } } } }
consumer:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using Apache.NMS; using Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ; using System.IO; using System.Xml.Serialization; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary; namespace Subscribe { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { try { //Create the Connection factory IConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory("tcp://localhost:61616/"); //Create the connection using (IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection()) { connection.ClientId = "testing listener"; connection.Start(); //Create the Session using (ISession session = connection.CreateSession()) { //Create the Consumer IMessageConsumer consumer = session.CreateDurableConsumer(new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQTopic("testing"), "testing listener", null, false); consumer.Listener += new MessageListener(consumer_Listener); Console.ReadLine(); } connection.Stop(); connection.Close(); } } catch (System.Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } } static void consumer_Listener(IMessage message) { try { ITextMessage msg = (ITextMessage)message; Console.WriteLine("Receive: " + msg.Text); } catch (System.Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } } } }
程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)的功能:生產(chǎn)者producer建立名為testing的主題,并每隔5秒向該主題發(fā)送消息,消費(fèi)者consumer訂閱了testing主題,因此只要生產(chǎn)者發(fā)送testing主題的消息到ActiveMQ服務(wù)器,服務(wù)器就將該消息發(fā)送給訂閱了testing主題的消費(fèi)者。
編譯生成producer.exe和consumer.exe,并執(zhí)行兩個(gè)exe,即可看到消息的發(fā)送與接收了。
這個(gè)例子是建的主題(Topic),ActiveMQ還支持另一種方式:Queue,即P2P,兩者有什么區(qū)別呢?區(qū)別在于,Topic是廣播,即如果某個(gè)Topic被多個(gè)消費(fèi)者訂閱,那么只要有消息到達(dá)服務(wù)器,服務(wù)器就將該消息發(fā)給全部的消費(fèi)者;而Queue是點(diǎn)到點(diǎn),即一個(gè)消息只能發(fā)給一個(gè)消費(fèi)者,如果某個(gè)Queue被多個(gè)消費(fèi)者訂閱,沒(méi)有特殊情況的話消息會(huì)一個(gè)一個(gè)地輪流發(fā)給不同的消費(fèi)者,比如:
msg1-->consumer A
msg2-->consumer B
msg3-->consumer C
msg4-->consumer A
msg5-->consumer B
msg6-->consumer C
特殊情況是指:ActiveMQ支持過(guò)濾機(jī)制,即生產(chǎn)者可以設(shè)置消息的屬性(Properties),該屬性與消費(fèi)者端的Selector對(duì)應(yīng),只有消費(fèi)者設(shè)置的selector與消息的Properties匹配,消息才會(huì)發(fā)給該消費(fèi)者。Topic和Queue都支持Selector。
Properties和Selector該如何設(shè)置呢?請(qǐng)看如下代碼:
producer:
public void SetProperties() { ITextMessage msg = prod.CreateTextMessage(); msg.Text = i.ToString(); msg.Properties.SetString("myFilter", "test1"); Console.WriteLine("Sending: " + i.ToString()); prod.Send(msg, Apache.NMS.MsgDeliveryMode.NonPersistent, Apache.NMS.MsgPriority.Normal, TimeSpan.MinValue); ITextMessage msg = prod.CreateTextMessage(); msg.Text = i.ToString(); msg.Properties.SetString("myFilter", "test1"); Console.WriteLine("Sending: " + i.ToString()); prod.Send(msg, Apache.NMS.MsgDeliveryMode.NonPersistent, Apache.NMS.MsgPriority.Normal, TimeSpan.MinValue); }
consumer:
public void SetSelector() { //生成consumer時(shí)通過(guò)參數(shù)設(shè)置Selector IMessageConsumer consumer = session.CreateConsumer(new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQQueue("testing"), "myFilter='test1'"); //生成consumer時(shí)通過(guò)參數(shù)設(shè)置Selector IMessageConsumer consumer = session.CreateConsumer(new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQQueue("testing"), "myFilter='test1'"); }
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