今天意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)JavaScript是不能用==或===操作符直接比較兩個(gè)數(shù)組是否相等的。
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alert([]==[]); // false alert([]===[]); // false
以上兩句代碼都會(huì)彈出false。
因?yàn)镴avaScript里面Array是對(duì)象,==或===操作符只能比較兩個(gè)對(duì)象是否是同一個(gè)實(shí)例,也就是是否是同一個(gè)對(duì)象引用。目前JavaScript沒(méi)有內(nèi)置的操作符判斷對(duì)象的內(nèi)容是否相同。
但是慣性思維讓人以為數(shù)組也是值,是可以比較的。
如果要比較數(shù)組是否相等,就只能遍歷數(shù)組元素比較。
在網(wǎng)上流傳很普遍的一種做法是將數(shù)組轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串:
JSON.stringify(a1) == JSON.stringify(a2)
或
a1.toString() == a2.toString()
請(qǐng)不要使用這種方法。
這種方法在某些情況下是可行的,當(dāng)兩個(gè)數(shù)組的元素順序相同且元素都可以轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串的情況下確實(shí)可行,但是這樣的代碼存有隱患,比如數(shù)字被轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串,數(shù)字“1”和字符串“1”會(huì)被認(rèn)為相等,可能造成調(diào)試?yán)щy,不推薦使用。
在StackOverflow上有大神已經(jīng)提供了正確的方法,我就做下搬運(yùn)工吧:
// Warn if overriding existing method if(Array.prototype.equals) console.warn("Overriding existing Array.prototype.equals. Possible causes: New API defines the method, there's a framework conflict or you've got double inclusions in your code."); // attach the .equals method to Array's prototype to call it on any array Array.prototype.equals = function (array) { // if the other array is a falsy value, return if (!array) return false; // compare lengths - can save a lot of time if (this.length != array.length) return false; for (var i = 0, l = this.length; i < l; i++) { // Check if we have nested arrays if (this[i] instanceof Array && array[i] instanceof Array) { // recurse into the nested arrays if (!this[i].equals(array[i])) return false; } else if (this[i] != array[i]) { // Warning - two different object instances will never be equal: {x:20} != {x:20} return false; } } return true; } // Hide method from for-in loops Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "equals", {enumerable: false});
大神還順手給了比較Object的方法:
Object.prototype.equals = function(object2) { //For the first loop, we only check for types for (propName in this) { //Check for inherited methods and properties - like .equals itself //https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/hasOwnProperty //Return false if the return value is different if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) { return false; } //Check instance type else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) { //Different types => not equal return false; } } //Now a deeper check using other objects property names for(propName in object2) { //We must check instances anyway, there may be a property that only exists in object2 //I wonder, if remembering the checked values from the first loop would be faster or not if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) { return false; } else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) { return false; } //If the property is inherited, do not check any more (it must be equa if both objects inherit it) if(!this.hasOwnProperty(propName)) continue; //Now the detail check and recursion //This returns the script back to the array comparing /**REQUIRES Array.equals**/ if (this[propName] instanceof Array && object2[propName] instanceof Array) { // recurse into the nested arrays if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName])) return false; } else if (this[propName] instanceof Object && object2[propName] instanceof Object) { // recurse into another objects //console.log("Recursing to compare ", this[propName],"with",object2[propName], " both named \""+propName+"\""); if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName])) return false; } //Normal value comparison for strings and numbers else if(this[propName] != object2[propName]) { return false; } } //If everything passed, let's say YES return true; }
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的JavaScript比較兩個(gè)數(shù)組的內(nèi)容是否相同(推薦),希望對(duì)大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問(wèn)請(qǐng)給我留言,小編會(huì)及時(shí)回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對(duì)創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)站的支持!