一、簡介
創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)是一家專業(yè)提供上林企業(yè)網(wǎng)站建設(shè),專注與成都網(wǎng)站設(shè)計、做網(wǎng)站、H5網(wǎng)站設(shè)計、小程序制作等業(yè)務(wù)。10年已為上林眾多企業(yè)、政府機(jī)構(gòu)等服務(wù)。創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)專業(yè)網(wǎng)站建設(shè)公司優(yōu)惠進(jìn)行中。
Spring Boot是由Pivotal團(tuán)隊提供的全新框架，其設(shè)計目的是用來簡化新spring應(yīng)用的初始搭建以及開發(fā)過程。該框架使用了特定的方式來進(jìn)行配置，從而使開發(fā)人員不再需要定義樣板化的配置。通過這種方式，Boot致力于在蓬勃發(fā)展的快速應(yīng)用開發(fā)領(lǐng)域（rapid application development）成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。
多年以來，Spring IO平臺飽受非議的一點就是大量的XML配置以及復(fù)雜的依賴管理。在去年的SpringOne 2GX會議上，Pivotal的CTO Adrian Colyer回應(yīng)了這些批評，并且特別提到該平臺將來的目標(biāo)之一就是實現(xiàn)免XML配置的開發(fā)體驗。Boot所實現(xiàn)的功能超出了這個任務(wù)的描述，開發(fā)人員不僅不再需要編寫XML，而且在一些場景中甚至不需要編寫繁瑣的import語句。在對外公開的beta版本剛剛發(fā)布之時，Boot描述了如何使用該框架在140個字符內(nèi)實現(xiàn)可運行的web應(yīng)用，從而獲得了極大的關(guān)注度，該樣例發(fā)表在tweet上。
Spring Boot不生成代碼，且完全不需要XML配置。其主要目標(biāo)如下：
Spring Boot官網(wǎng): http://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/
二、開發(fā)環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備
IDE：IntelliJ IDEA
官網(wǎng)地址：https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/download/
JDK：1.8
Maven
數(shù)據(jù)庫：MySQL
我將以一個用戶積分系統(tǒng)為例，開發(fā)一個Restful風(fēng)格的服務(wù)端
三、第一個Restful程序
1.新建一個普通Maven工程
創(chuàng)建項目完成后目錄結(jié)構(gòu)如下圖所示
2.在POM文件中加入對Spring-Boot的依賴
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>4.0.0 com.bluecoffee mapp 1.0-SNAPSHOT org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 1.4.1.RELEASE UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
3.新建一個RestController來接收客戶端的請求，我們來模擬一個登錄請求
重慶分公司
重慶分公司
package com.yepit.mapp.rest;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
/**
* Created by qianlong on 16/7/20.
*/
@RestController
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/users/{username}",method = RequestMethod.GET,consumes="application/json")
public String getUser(@PathVariable String username, @RequestParam String pwd){
return "Welcome,"+username;
}}
4.新建啟動Restful服務(wù)端的啟動類
package com.yepit.mapp;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
/**
* Created by qianlong on 16/7/20.
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class MappRunApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MappRunApplication.class, args);
}
}
5.執(zhí)行MappRunApplication的Main方法啟動Restful服務(wù)，可以看到控制臺有如下輸出
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \\ \\ \\ \\
( ( )\\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \\/ _` | \\ \\ \\ \\
\\\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v1.3.3.RELEASE)
2016-07-20 16:49:43.334 INFO 2106 --- [ main] com.yepit.mapp.MappRunApplication : Starting MappRunApplication on bogon with PID 2106 (/Users/qianlong/workspace/spring-boot-samples/target/classes started by qianlong in /Users/qianlong/workspace/spring-boot-samples)
2016-07-20 16:49:43.338 INFO 2106 --- [ main] com.yepit.mapp.MappRunApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2016-07-20 16:49:43.557 INFO 2106 --- [ main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@543e710e: startup date [Wed Jul 20 16:49:43 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
2016-07-20 16:49:44.127 INFO 2106 --- [ main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory : Overriding bean definition for bean 'beanNameViewResolver' with a different definition: replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration.class]] with [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.class]]
2016-07-20 16:49:44.658 INFO 2106 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2016-07-20 16:49:44.672 INFO 2106 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat
2016-07-20 16:49:44.673 INFO 2106 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.32
2016-07-20 16:49:44.759 INFO 2106 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2016-07-20 16:49:44.759 INFO 2106 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1207 ms
2016-07-20 16:49:44.972 INFO 2106 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2016-07-20 16:49:44.977 INFO 2106 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2016-07-20 16:49:44.978 INFO 2106 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2016-07-20 16:49:44.978 INFO 2106 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
2016-07-20 16:49:44.978 INFO 2106 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
2016-07-20 16:49:45.184 INFO 2106 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@543e710e: startup date [Wed Jul 20 16:49:43 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
2016-07-20 16:49:45.251 INFO 2106 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/users],methods=[GET],consumes=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.String com.yepit.mapp.rest.UserController.getUser(java.lang.String,java.lang.String)
2016-07-20 16:49:45.253 INFO 2106 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2016-07-20 16:49:45.254 INFO 2106 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2016-07-20 16:49:45.275 INFO 2106 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2016-07-20 16:49:45.275 INFO 2106 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2016-07-20 16:49:45.306 INFO 2106 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2016-07-20 16:49:45.380 INFO 2106 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2016-07-20 16:49:45.462 INFO 2106 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2016-07-20 16:49:45.467 INFO 2106 --- [ main] com.yepit.mapp.MappRunApplication : Started MappRunApplication in 2.573 seconds (JVM running for 3.187)
我們可以看到服務(wù)器是Tomcat，端口為8080
6.驗證
推薦大家使用Google的Postman插件來模擬請求
在發(fā)起請求前，請注意需要在Headers中設(shè)置Content-Type為application/json
到此一個基本的Restful風(fēng)格的服務(wù)端就已經(jīng)完成了，全部編碼時間不會超過5分鐘！
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)。
