小編給大家分享一下iOS中如何獲取地理位置及設(shè)置plist，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后都有所收獲，下面讓我們一起去探討吧！
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1、在前臺(tái)的時(shí)候獲取地理位置信息
ios 8/9
在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否則上面的方法無效
調(diào)用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()獲取前臺(tái)獲取地理位置權(quán)限
調(diào)用.startUpdatingLocation()
代碼示例
重慶分公司
重慶分公司
class ViewController: UIViewController {
lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
let locate = CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate = self
locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
return locate
}()
override func touchesBegan(touches: Set, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
}
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
print("位置信息已經(jīng)更新")
}
} 2、前后臺(tái)獲取，但是后臺(tái)獲取的時(shí)候，屏幕上方有藍(lán)框提示用戶正在后臺(tái)獲取
ios8
調(diào)用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()獲取前臺(tái)獲取地理位置權(quán)限
在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否則上面的方法無效
設(shè)置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打?qū)?/p>
調(diào)用.startUpdatingLocation()
ios9
調(diào)用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()獲取前臺(tái)獲取地理位置權(quán)限
設(shè)置 .allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true (ios 9需要執(zhí)行)
在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否則上面的方法無效
設(shè)置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打?qū)?(如果第二步做了，此步?jīng)]做，直接crash)
調(diào)用.startUpdatingLocation()
ios8/ios9可以后臺(tái)藍(lán)框定位的代碼示例:
class ViewController: UIViewController {
lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
let locate = CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate = self
locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
}
return locate
}()
override func touchesBegan(touches: Set, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
}
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
print("位置信息已經(jīng)更新")
}
} 3、后臺(tái)獲取，后臺(tái)獲取的時(shí)候，屏幕上方無藍(lán)框提示
調(diào)用.requestAlwaysAuthorization()獲取前臺(tái)獲取地理位置權(quán)限
在info.plist中配置NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription的值，否則上面的方法無效
設(shè)置 .allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true (ios 9需要執(zhí)行)
設(shè)置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打?qū)?(本步驟在ios 8中可以不做設(shè)置，但是在ios9中如果第三步做了，而此步?jīng)]有做，直接crash)
調(diào)用.startUpdatingLocation()
代碼示例
class ViewController: UIViewController {
lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
let locate = CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate = self
locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
}
return locate
}()
override func touchesBegan(touches: Set, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
}
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
print("位置信息已經(jīng)更新")
}
} 4、權(quán)限改變的通知
注意：在Denied或者NotDetermined的狀態(tài)下startUpdatingLocation,開始監(jiān)聽之后,當(dāng)狀態(tài)改變成允許的狀態(tài)時(shí)，會(huì)直接進(jìn)入監(jiān)聽狀態(tài)，不必再次調(diào)用startUpdateingLocation
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didChangeAuthorizationStatus status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
switch status {
case .AuthorizedAlways:
print("始終")
case .AuthorizedWhenInUse:
print("使用的時(shí)候")
case .Denied:
print("拒絕")
if CLLocationManager.locationServicesEnabled() {
print("真拒絕了")
}else{
print("是關(guān)閉了定位服務(wù)")
}
case .NotDetermined:
print("第一次，尚未決定")
case .Restricted:
print("沒有權(quán)限的")
}
}5、過濾距離
很多時(shí)候我們需要監(jiān)聽函數(shù)只調(diào)用一次來獲取用戶當(dāng)前的位置
在監(jiān)聽函數(shù)中停止監(jiān)聽
設(shè)置監(jiān)聽的過濾距離
//如果監(jiān)聽器已經(jīng)開啟,此值修改之后立即生效 self.locateM.distanceFilter = 100 //每100米，調(diào)用一次監(jiān)聽
6、精度
注意：越精確越耗電,定位的時(shí)間越長，如果要定位城市，沒有必要選最精確的
self.locateM.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest //kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation //kCLLocationAccuracyBest //kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters //kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters //kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer //kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers
7.CLLocation詳解
public var coordinate: CLLocationCoordinate2D { get } //經(jīng)緯度
public var altitude: CLLocationDistance { get } //海拔
public var horizontalAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get } //位置信息是否有效，如果為負(fù)數(shù)，則無效
public var verticalAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get } //海拔數(shù)據(jù)是否有效，如果為負(fù)數(shù)，則無效
public var course: CLLocationDirection { get } //當(dāng)前的角度(0-359.9)
public var speed: CLLocationSpeed { get } //當(dāng)前的速度
public var timestamp: NSDate { get } //位置確定的時(shí)間戳
public var floor: CLFloor? { get } //樓層(前提是已經(jīng)注冊(cè)的建筑),如果沒有為nil
//計(jì)算兩個(gè)經(jīng)緯度之間的距離
public func distanceFromLocation(location: CLLocation) -> CLLocationDistance8、指南針小例子
class ViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var mImageView: UIImageView!
lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
let locate = CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate = self
locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
}
return locate
}()
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
if(CLLocationManager.headingAvailable()){
self.locateM.startUpdatingHeading()
}else{
print("當(dāng)前磁力計(jì)有問題")
}
}
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateHeading newHeading: CLHeading) {
//1.拿到當(dāng)前設(shè)備對(duì)正朝向的角度
let angle = newHeading.magneticHeading
//2.把角度轉(zhuǎn)換成弧度
let hudu = CGFloat(angle / 180 * M_PI)
//3.反向旋轉(zhuǎn)照片
UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5) {
self.mImageView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(-hudu)
}
}
}9、區(qū)域的監(jiān)聽
class ViewController: UIViewController {
lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {
let locate = CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate = self
locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {
locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
}
return locate
}()
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
//首先應(yīng)該判斷當(dāng)前是否可以監(jiān)聽某個(gè)區(qū)域
if CLLocationManager.isMonitoringAvailableForClass(CLCircularRegion){
//1.創(chuàng)建區(qū)域
let center = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(21.123, 121.345)
var distance : CLLocationDistance = 1000
//限制監(jiān)聽的范圍不能超過最大的范圍
if distance < locateM.maximumRegionMonitoringDistance{
distance = locateM.maximumRegionMonitoringDistance
}
let region = CLCircularRegion(center: center, radius: distance, identifier: "xiaoxiao")
//2.監(jiān)聽區(qū)域
self.locateM.startMonitoringForRegion(region)
//3.判斷當(dāng)前狀態(tài)是否是在區(qū)域內(nèi)還是區(qū)域外，
//在`didDetermineState`代理方法中獲得結(jié)果
self.locateM.requestStateForRegion(region)
}
}
}
extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didEnterRegion region: CLRegion) {
print("進(jìn)入了區(qū)域"+region.identifier)
}
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didExitRegion region: CLRegion) {
print("出了區(qū)域"+region.identifier)
}
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didDetermineState state: CLRegionState, forRegion region: CLRegion) {
//獲取剛開始是否在區(qū)域內(nèi)或者區(qū)域外
if region.identifier == "xiaoxiao"{
switch state {
case .Inside:
print("已經(jīng)是區(qū)域內(nèi)的")
case .Outside:
print("沒有在區(qū)域內(nèi)")
case .Unknown:
print("不清楚")
}
}
}
}10、地理編碼與反地理編碼
地理編碼
let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("廣州") { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error : NSError?) in
if error == nil{
print("地址編碼成功")
print(pls?.last?.location)
}else{
print("錯(cuò)誤 \(error)")
}
}打印
地址編碼成功
Optional(<+23.12517800,+113.28063700> +/- 100.00m (speed -1.00 mps / course -1.00) @ 8/14/16, 9:49:22 PM China Standard Time)
反地理編碼
let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error:NSError?) in
if error == nil{
print("地址反編碼成功 城市:\(pls?.last?.locality)")
print(pls?.last?.addressDictionary)
}else{
print("錯(cuò)誤 \(error)")
}
}打印
地址反編碼成功 城市:Optional("Guangzhou")
Optional([SubLocality: Yuexiu, Street: Yunhai Tongjin No.11, State: Guangdong, CountryCode: CN, Thoroughfare: Yunhai Tongjin No.11, Name: Luo Sangmeidi, Country: China, FormattedAddressLines: <__NSArrayM 0x7ff1da5652d0>( Yunhai Tongjin No.11 Yuexiu, Guangzhou, Guangdong China ) , City: Guangzhou])
注意同一個(gè)CLGeocoder對(duì)象，不能同時(shí)編碼與反編碼
比如
let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("廣州") { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error : NSError?) in
...
}
geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error:NSError?) in
...
}這樣只會(huì)打印第一個(gè)編碼成功的結(jié)果
11、CLPlacemark對(duì)象詳解
@NSCopying public var location: CLLocation? { get } //經(jīng)緯度
@NSCopying public var region: CLRegion? { get } //所關(guān)聯(lián)的地理區(qū)域
@available(iOS 9.0, *)
@NSCopying public var timeZone: NSTimeZone? { get } //時(shí)間域
public var addressDictionary: [NSObject : AnyObject]? { get } //詳細(xì)地址信息
//addressDictionary中的屬性
public var name: String? { get } //名字
public var thoroughfare: String? { get } //街道名字
public var subThoroughfare: String? { get } //子街道名字
public var locality: String? { get } //城市名稱
public var subLocality: String? { get } //鄰城市名稱
public var administrativeArea: String? { get } //行政區(qū)域 比如:CA
public var subAdministrativeArea: String? { get } //子行政區(qū)域
public var postalCode: String? { get } //郵政編碼
public var ISOcountryCode: String? { get } //國家代碼表
public var country: String? { get } //國家
public var inlandWater: String? { get } //內(nèi)陸水域
public var ocean: String? { get } //海洋
public var areasOfInterest: [String]? { get } //興趣點(diǎn)看完了這篇文章，相信你對(duì)“iOS中如何獲取地理位置及設(shè)置plist”有了一定的了解，如果想了解更多相關(guān)知識(shí)，歡迎關(guān)注創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)行業(yè)資訊頻道，感謝各位的閱讀！
