這期內(nèi)容當(dāng)中小編將會(huì)給大家?guī)碛嘘P(guān)如何用代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)RNN文本生成模型，文章內(nèi)容豐富且以專業(yè)的角度為大家分析和敘述，閱讀完這篇文章希望大家可以有所收獲。
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文本生成（generating text）對(duì)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和NLP初學(xué)者來說似乎很有趣的項(xiàng)目之一，但也是一個(gè)非常困難的項(xiàng)目。值得慶幸的是，網(wǎng)絡(luò)上有各種各樣的優(yōu)秀資源，可以用于了解RNN如何用于文本生成，從理論到深入具體的技術(shù)，都有一些非常好的資源。所有的這些資源都會(huì)特別分享一件事情：在文本生成過程中的某個(gè)時(shí)候，你必須建立RNN模型并調(diào)參來完成這項(xiàng)工作。
雖然文本生成是一項(xiàng)有價(jià)值的工作，特別是在學(xué)習(xí)的該過程中，但如果任務(wù)抽象程度高，應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？如果你是一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家，需要一個(gè)RNN文本生成器形式的模塊來填充項(xiàng)目呢？或者作為一個(gè)新人，你只是想試試或者提升下自己。對(duì)于這兩種情況，都可以來看看textgenrnn項(xiàng)目，它用幾行代碼就能夠輕松地在任何文本數(shù)據(jù)集上訓(xùn)練任意大小和復(fù)雜的文本生成神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。 textgenrnn項(xiàng)目由數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家Max Woolf開發(fā)而成。
textgenrnn是建立在Keras和TensorFlow之上的，可用于生成字符和文字級(jí)文本。網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu)使用注意力加權(quán)來加速訓(xùn)練過程并提高質(zhì)量，并允許調(diào)整大量超參數(shù)，如RNN模型大小、RNN層和雙向RNN。讀者可以在Github上或類似的介紹博客文章中閱讀有關(guān)textgenrnn及其功能和體系結(jié)構(gòu)的更多信息。
本文爬取2014年1月1日至2018年6月11日特朗普的推文，其中包括美國(guó)總統(tǒng)就職前后的推文（來自特朗普Twitter Archive）。從中只選擇日期范圍內(nèi)的推文來獲取文本，并將其保存到一個(gè)文本文件中，將該文本命名為trump-tweets.txt。
下面讓我們看看用textgenrnn生成文本的簡(jiǎn)單方法。以下4行是我們需要導(dǎo)入的庫(kù)，并創(chuàng)建文本生成對(duì)象，在trump-tweets.txt文件中訓(xùn)練模型10個(gè)epoch，然后生成一些示例推文。
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from textgenrnn import textgenrnn
textgen = textgenrnn()
textgen.train_from_file('trump-tweets.txt', num_epochs=10)
textgen.generate(5)
大約30分鐘后，會(huì)產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果（訓(xùn)練時(shí)間與電腦性能有關(guān)，在第10個(gè)epoch）：
My @FoxNews will be self finally complaining about me that so he is a great day and companies and is starting to report the president in safety and more than any mention of the bail of the underaches to the construction and freedom and efforts the politicians and expensive meetings should have bee The world will be interviewed on @foxandfriends at 7:30pm. Enjoy! .@JebBush and Fake News Media is a major place in the White House in the service and sense where the people of the debate and his show of many people who is a great press considering the GREAT job on the way to the U.S. A the best and people in the biggest! Thank you! New Hampshire Trump Int'l Hotel Leadership Barrier Lou Clinton is a forever person politically record supporters have really beginning in the media on the heart of the bad and women who have been succeeded and before you can also work the people are there a time strong and send out the world with Join me in Maryland at 7:00 A.M. and happened to the WALL and be true the longer of the same sign into the Fake News Media will be a great honor to serve that the Republican Party will be a great legal rate the media with the Best Republican Party and the American people that will be the bill by a...
拋開政治而言，考慮到我們僅僅在10個(gè)epoch內(nèi)使用約12千條推文進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練，這些生成的推文并不是很糟糕的。textgenrnn默認(rèn)設(shè)置為0.5，如果想獲得更多的創(chuàng)意推文可以將該值調(diào)高，下面讓我們?cè)囋嚳凑{(diào)高該值后效果如何：
textgen.generate(5, temperature=0.9)
“Via-can see this Democrats were the opening at GREAT ENSUS CALL! .@GovSeptorald Taster is got to that the subcent Vote waiting them. @Calkers Major President Obama will listen for the disaster! Grateful and South Carolina so his real ability and much better-- or big crisis on many signing!It is absolutely dumbers for well tonight. Love us in the great inherition of fast. With bill of badly to forget the greatest puppet at my wedds. No Turnberry is "bigger.” - All
上述結(jié)果不太具有說服力，那么將textgenrnn值調(diào)低效果又如何呢？結(jié)果表明模型更穩(wěn)定：
textgen.generate(5, temperature=0.1)
The Fake News Media is a great people of the president was a great people of the many people who would be a great people of the president was a big crowd of the statement of the media is a great people of the people of the statement of the people of the people of the world with the statement of th Thank you @TrumpTowerNY #Trump2016 https://t.co/25551R58350Thank you for your support! #Trump2016 https://t.co/7eN53P55cThe people of the U.S. has been a great people of the presidential country is a great time and the best thing that the people of the statement of the media is the people of the state of the best thing that the people of the statement of the statement of the problem in the problem and success and t Thank you @TheBrodyFile tonight at 8:00 A.M. Enjoy!
根據(jù)兩個(gè)例子的對(duì)比，可以對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目有更清晰的了解。
上述就是小編為大家分享的如何用代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)RNN文本生成模型了，如果剛好有類似的疑惑，不妨參照上述分析進(jìn)行理解。如果想知道更多相關(guān)知識(shí)，歡迎關(guān)注創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)行業(yè)資訊頻道。
