本例是用簡單角色驗證方式來通過用戶登錄后,獲取用戶角色,每種角色可以通過[Authorize(Roles = "admin,user")]在Action上來控制訪問的權(quán)限,也就是說,只有屬性這個角色才能訪問這個Action。
道先添加Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies引用
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在StartUp.cs的Configure方法中添加
//為驗證添加中間件 app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions { //驗證方案名稱 AuthenticationScheme = "loginvalidate", //沒有權(quán)限時導(dǎo)航的登錄action LoginPath = new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.PathString("/login"), //訪問被拒絕后的acion AccessDeniedPath = new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.PathString("/Home/NoPermission"), AutomaticAuthenticate = true, AutomaticChallenge = true, SlidingExpiration = true });
HomeController中的登錄的action實現(xiàn)
using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization; using System.Security.Claims; namespace webAuth.Controllers { ////// 本Controller允許admin和user兩種角色可以訪問 /// [Authorize(Roles = "admin,user")] public class HomeController : Controller { public IActionResult Index() { return View(); } ////// aobout只允許user角色訪問 /// ///[Authorize(Roles = "user")] public IActionResult About() { var id = User.Claims.SingleOrDefault(c => c.Type == ClaimTypes.Sid).Value; ViewData["Message"] = "UserID:"+ id; return View(); } /// /// contact只允許admin角色訪問 /// ///[Authorize(Roles = "admin")] public IActionResult Contact() { var id=User.Claims.SingleOrDefault(c => c.Type == ClaimTypes.Sid).Value; ViewData["Message"] = "UserID:"+ id; return View(); } public IActionResult NoPermission() { return View(); } /// /// 允許所有登錄者 /// /// 如果用戶訪問的不是登錄頁,returnUrl將把這個url傳進(jìn)來,待登錄成功后返回這個地址 ///[AllowAnonymous] [HttpGet("login")] public IActionResult Login(string returnUrl) { //判斷是否驗證 if (!HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated) { //把返回地址保存在前臺的hide表單中 ViewBag.returnUrl = returnUrl; } ViewBag.error = null; return View(); } /// /// 允許所有登錄者 /// /// 用戶名 /// 密碼 /// 返回u ///[AllowAnonymous] [HttpPost("login")] public IActionResult Login(string username, string password, string returnUrl) { //從數(shù)據(jù)庫驗證用戶,關(guān)取出用戶所需要信息 var users = new List () { new { ID = 1, UserName = "zsf",Password="111", Name = "張三豐", RoleTypeID = 1, RoleType = "admin", RoleTypeName = "管理員" }, new { ID = 2, UserName = "zwj",Password="222", Name = "張無忌", RoleTypeID = 2, RoleType = "user", RoleTypeName = "普通用戶" } }; var user = users.SingleOrDefault(u => u.UserName == username && u.Password == password); if (user!=null) { //登錄成功后,設(shè)置聲明 var claims = new Claim[] { new Claim(ClaimTypes.UserData,username), new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role,user.RoleType), new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name,user.Name), new Claim(ClaimTypes.Sid,user.ID.ToString()) }; HttpContext.Authentication.SignInAsync("loginvalidate", new ClaimsPrincipal(new ClaimsIdentity(claims, "Cookie"))); HttpContext.User = new ClaimsPrincipal(new ClaimsIdentity(claims)); return new RedirectResult(returnUrl == null ? "/" : returnUrl); } else { ViewBag.error = "用戶名或密碼錯誤!"; return View(); } } } }
Login.cshtml頁面如下:
@{ Layout = null; }登錄
如果在其他頁面使用User,可以像下面這樣使用
當(dāng)前用戶:@User.Identity.Name
當(dāng)然也可以從User中查到其他登錄時存儲的Claim的值
登錄成功后
登錄成功后訪問沒有權(quán)限頁面(當(dāng)然可以不讓這種角色看到不能訪問的鏈接)