在數(shù)據(jù)庫運維的過程中，Shell 腳本在很大程度上為運維提供了極大的便利性。而shell 腳本參數(shù)作為變量傳遞給SQL以及SQL腳本也是DBA經(jīng)常碰到的情形之一。本文主要討論了如何將shell腳本的參數(shù)傳遞到SQL腳本之中并執(zhí)行SQL查詢。
1、啟動sqlplus時執(zhí)行腳本并傳遞參數(shù)
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp.sh
#!/bin/bash
# ----------------------------------------------
# Set environment here
# Author : Robinson Cheng
# ----------------------------------------------
if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then
. ~/.bash_profile
fi
if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then
echo "Usage: "
echo " `basename $0`
read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID
read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh34):" begin_date
read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh34):" end_date
else
ORACLE_SID=${1}
begin_date=${2}
end_date=${3}
fi
export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date
#Method 1: pass the parameter to script directly after script name
sqlplus -S gx_adm/gx_adm @/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp.sql $begin_date $end_date
exit
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp.sql
SELECT snap_id, dbid, snap_level
FROM dba_hist_snapshot
WHERE TO_CHAR (begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh34') = '&1'
AND TO_CHAR (end_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh34') = '&2';
exit;
2、在SQL提示符下傳遞參數(shù)
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp2.sh
#!/bin/bash
# ----------------------------------------------
# Set environment here
# Author : Robinson Cheng
# ----------------------------------------------
if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then
. ~/.bash_profile
fi
if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then
echo "Usage: "
echo " `basename $0`
read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID
read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh34):" begin_date
read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh34):" end_date
else
ORACLE_SID=${1}
begin_date=${2}
end_date=${3}
fi
export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date
#Method 2: pass the parameter in SQL prompt. Using the same method with method 1
sqlplus -S " / as sysdba" < @/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp.sql $begin_date $end_date exit; EOF exit 3、通過定義變量的方式來傳遞參數(shù) robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp3.sh #!/bin/bash # ---------------------------------------------- # Set environment here # Author : Robinson Cheng # ---------------------------------------------- if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then . ~/.bash_profile fi if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then echo "Usage: " echo " `basename $0` read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh34):" begin_date read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh34):" end_date else ORACLE_SID=${1} begin_date=${2} end_date=${3} fi export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date #Method 3: pass the parameter to global variable firstly. sqlplus -S " / as sysdba" < define begin_date=$begin_date define end_date=$end_date prompt "variable value for begin_date is: &begin_date" prompt "variable value for end_date id : &end_date" @/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp3.sql begin_date end_date exit; EOF exit robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp3.sql SELECT snap_id, dbid, snap_level FROM dba_hist_snapshot WHERE TO_CHAR (begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh34') = '&begin_date' AND TO_CHAR (end_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh34') = '&end_date'; exit; 4、測試腳本 robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp.sh Usage: tmp.sh please input begin ORACLE_SID:CNMMBO please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh34):2013030709 please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh34):2013030710 SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL ---------- ---------- ---------- 13877 938506715 1 robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp2.sh MMBOTST 2013030709 2013030710 SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL ---------- ---------- ---------- 36262 3509254984 1 robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp3.sh MMBOTST 2013030710 2013030711 "variable value for begin_date is: 2013030710" "variable value for end_date id : 2013030711" SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL ---------- ---------- ---------- 36263 3509254984 1 5、小結(jié) a、本文主要描述了將shell的參數(shù)傳遞給SQL腳本 b、方式1的用法是直接將shell變量跟在腳本之后, sqlplus userid/pwd @script_name $para1 $para2 c、方式2是啟動sqlplus后在SQL提示符下來傳遞參數(shù), SQL>@script_name $para1 $para2 d、方式3則是將shell變量的值先傳遞給define定義的變量，然后再傳遞給SQL腳本 SQL>@script_name var1 var2 e、注意方式3中SQL腳本的替代變量與define定義的變量名相同 oracle視頻教程請關(guān)注:http://u.youku.com/user_video/id_UMzAzMjkxMjE2.html 另外有需要云服務(wù)器可以了解下創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)cdcxhl.cn，海內(nèi)外云服務(wù)器15元起步，三天無理由+7*72小時售后在線，公司持有idc許可證，提供“云服務(wù)器、裸金屬服務(wù)器、高防服務(wù)器、香港服務(wù)器、美國服務(wù)器、虛擬主機、免備案服務(wù)器”等云主機租用服務(wù)以及企業(yè)上云的綜合解決方案，具有“安全穩(wěn)定、簡單易用、服務(wù)可用性高、性價比高”等特點與優(yōu)勢，專為企業(yè)上云打造定制，能夠滿足用戶豐富、多元化的應(yīng)用場景需求。
當(dāng)前標(biāo)題：Linux/Unixshell參數(shù)傳遞到SQL腳本-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)
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