一、安裝MariaDB

1、安裝

$ yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

2、啟動(dòng)MariaDB

$ systemctl start mariadb

3、設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)

$ systemctl enable mariadb

4、配置安全策略

$ MySQL_secure_installation
首先設(shè)置密碼，會(huì)提示先輸入密碼
Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次運(yùn)行直接回車

設(shè)置密碼
Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否設(shè)置root用戶密碼，輸入y并回車或直接回車
New password: <– 設(shè)置root用戶的密碼
Re-enter new password: <– 再輸入一次你設(shè)置的密碼

其他配置
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否刪除匿名用戶，回車
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root遠(yuǎn)程登錄,回車,
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否刪除test數(shù)據(jù)庫，回車
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加載權(quán)限表，回車

初始化MariaDB完成，接下來測(cè)試登錄

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5、登陸

$ mysql -uroot -p         <– 回車后輸入密碼

二、配置MariaDB的字符集

1、文件/etc/my.cnf

$ vim /etc/my.cnf
在[mysqld]標(biāo)簽下添加

init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci 
skip-character-set-client-handshake

2、文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

$ vim /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
在[client]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

3、文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

$vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
在[mysql]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

4、全部配置完成，重啟mariadb

systemctl restart mariadb

5、進(jìn)入MariaDB查看字符集

mysql> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";

+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name               | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client    | utf8                      |
| character_set_connection   | utf8                      |
| character_set_database  | utf8                      |
| character_set_filesystem   | binary                    |
| character_set_results    | utf8                      |
| character_set_server      | utf8                      |
| character_set_system    | utf8                      |
| character_sets_dir      | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value          |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection   | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_database  | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_server      | utf8_unicode_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

字符集配置完成。

三、添加用戶，設(shè)置權(quán)限

1、創(chuàng)建用戶命令

mysql>create user username@localhost identified by 'password'; 

2、直接創(chuàng)建用戶并授權(quán)的命令

mysql>grant all on *.* to username@localhost indentified by 'password';

3、授予外網(wǎng)登陸權(quán)限

mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'%' identified by 'password';

4、授予權(quán)限并且可以授權(quán)

mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;

只授予部分權(quán)限
把其中all privileges或者all改為select,insert,update,delete,create,drop,index,alter,grant,references,reload,shutdown,process,file；
多個(gè)用逗號(hào)。