下文給大家?guī)鞢entOS6系統(tǒng)下如何實現(xiàn)雙網(wǎng)卡綁定同一IP詳解，希望能夠給大家在實際運用中帶來一定的幫助，負(fù)載均衡涉及的東西比較多，理論也不多，網(wǎng)上有很多書籍，今天我們就用創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)在行業(yè)內(nèi)累計的經(jīng)驗來做一個解答。
前幾天剛給大家分享過CentOS6系統(tǒng)下如何實現(xiàn)雙網(wǎng)卡綁定同一IP以達(dá)到網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載均衡以及高可用性。很多人肯定也在想，在CentOS7系統(tǒng)下如何實現(xiàn)了，那么今天就給大家大家分享一下如何使用CentOS7系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)組來實現(xiàn)同樣的效果了。網(wǎng)絡(luò)組是將多個網(wǎng)卡聚合在一起，從而實現(xiàn)冗錯和提高吞吐量的一種技術(shù)手段，但它不同于舊版中bonding技術(shù)，提供更好的性能和擴(kuò)展性，網(wǎng)絡(luò)組由內(nèi)核驅(qū)動和teamd守護(hù)進(jìn)程實現(xiàn)。接下來就給大家展示一下如何實現(xiàn)。
交換機(jī)設(shè)備：兩臺支持動態(tài)鏈聚合功能的交換機(jī)或者一臺普通交換機(jī)
網(wǎng)卡設(shè)備：兩張網(wǎng)卡
操作操作：Centos7.2
broadcast — Simple runner which directs the team device to transmit packets via all ports.
roundrobin — Simple runner which directs the team device to transmits packets in a round-robin fashion.
activebackup — Watches for link changes and selects active port to be used for data transfers.
loadbalance — To do passive load balancing, runner only sets up BPF hash function which will determine
port for packet transmit. To do active load balancing, runner moves hashes among available ports trying
to reach perfect balance.
lacp — Implements 802.3ad LACP protocol. Can use same Tx port selection possibilities as loadbalance
runner.
第一步：創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)組文件team0
nmcli con add type team con-name team0 config '{"runner":{"name":"activebackup","hwaddr_policy":"by_active"}}'
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli dev status
DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION
virbr0 bridge connected virbr0
eno16777728 ethernet connected eno16777728
eno33554960 ethernet connected Wired connection 1
virbr0-nic tap connected virbr0-nic
lo loopback unmanaged --
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 config '{"runner":{"name":"activebackup","hwaddr_policy":"by_active"}}'
Connection 'team0' (527769ff-02de-411c-9b26-2725a74cd6e9) successfully added.
[root@centos7 network-scripts]#
我這里創(chuàng)建的是活動-備份策略，但我這里額外指定了一個"hwaddr_policy":"by_active"，我也看過很多博主都寫過這個活動備份策略，但從來沒看到有人指出過這個選項，事實上要想得到雙網(wǎng)卡其中之一故障熱替換，不添加這個選項是實現(xiàn)不了的。所以能看到本人博文的同仁們，你們是幸福的（因為本人研究這個選項花了一天半的時間才得出這個結(jié)論）
第二步：給team0配置靜態(tài)IP以及網(wǎng)關(guān)，開機(jī)自啟動
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con mod team0 connection.autoconnect yes ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses "10.1.254.254/16" ipv4.gateway "10.1.0.1"
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-team0
nmcli的配置會在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts下面生產(chǎn)配置文件ifcfg-team*文件，可以直接查看配置結(jié)果
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-team0
DEVICE=team0
TEAM_CONFIG="{\"runner\":{\"name\":\"activebackup\",\"hwaddr_policy\":\"by_active\"}}"
DEVICETYPE=Team
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=team0
UUID=c1726372-479f-4ebe-aa12-7e76d702ddd0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.1.254.254
PREFIX=16
GATEWAY=10.1.0.1
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
[root@centos7 network-scripts]#
第三步：為team0創(chuàng)建兩個端口文件
nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port# ifname eno######## master team0
創(chuàng)建port1文件
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno16777728 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (a88c6e0c-5f0c-4d24-a285-2089f7a6e68b) successfully added.
創(chuàng)建port2文件
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno33554960 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (a103239b-0980-4e63-a465-bc90a8b0958b) successfully added.
[root@centos7 network-scripts]#
第四步：啟動網(wǎng)絡(luò)組 nmcli con up team#
nmcli con up team0——>nmcli con up team0-port1——>nmcli con up team0-port2
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con up team0
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con up team0
Connection successfully activated (master waiting for slaves) (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/5)
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con up team0-port1
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/6)
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con up team0-port2
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/7)
[root@centos7 network-scripts]#
第五步：查看配置后的最終效果
查看網(wǎng)絡(luò)組的當(dāng)前運行狀態(tài)
[root@centos7 Desktop]# teamdctl team0 state
setup:
runner: activebackup
ports:
eno16777728
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno33554960
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
runner:
active port: eno16777728
[root@centos7 Desktop]# ifconfig
查看網(wǎng)卡的配置詳情
[root@centos7 Desktop]# ifconfig
eno16777728: flags=4163
ether 00:0c:29:06:f9:87 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1463 bytes 105137 (102.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 121 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 79 bytes 5744 (5.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
eno33554960: flags=4163
ether 00:0c:29:06:f9:91 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1510 bytes 108863 (106.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 126 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 214 bytes 17571 (17.1 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10
loop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 16 bytes 1072 (1.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 16 bytes 1072 (1.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
team0: flags=4163
inet 10.1.254.254 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.1.255.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:f991 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 00:0c:29:06:f9:87 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2000 bytes 117274 (114.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 247 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 293 bytes 22841 (22.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 3 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:3a:39:12 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@centos7 Desktop]#
第六步：隨意禁用其中一塊網(wǎng)卡，測試網(wǎng)絡(luò)是否具有高可用性
禁用port1（網(wǎng)卡一），查看ping的過程中是否丟包（正常情況下會丟3-4包）
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli dev dis eno16777728
Device 'eno16777728' successfully disconnected.
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# teamdctl team0 state
setup:
runner: activebackup
ports:
eno33554960
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
runner:
active port: eno33554960
[root@centos7 network-scripts]#
啟用port1，禁用port2（網(wǎng)卡二），繼續(xù)觀察ping的過程（正常情況下會丟3-4包）
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli con up team0-port1
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/11)
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# nmcli dev dis eno33554960
Device 'eno33554960' successfully disconnected.
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# teamdctl team0 state
setup:
runner: activebackup
ports:
eno16777728
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
runner:
active port: eno16777728
[root@centos7 network-scripts]#
第七步：如果要想更改用其它策略，直接去修改一下ifcfg-team0文件最為簡單（注意TEAM_CONFIG=...一行的改變）
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-team0
DEVICE=team0
TEAM_CONFIG="{\"runner\":{\"name\":\"roundrobin\"}}"
DEVICETYPE=Team
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=team0
UUID=c1726372-479f-4ebe-aa12-7e76d702ddd0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.1.254.254
PREFIX=16
GATEWAY=10.1.0.1
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
[root@centos7 network-scripts]#
禁用網(wǎng)卡一——>禁用網(wǎng)卡二——>關(guān)閉team0連接——>重新啟用team0——>啟用port1——>啟用port2
查看更改后的效果（這里修改成了roundrobin輪轉(zhuǎn)策略，需要兩張網(wǎng)卡分別接在兩臺支持動態(tài)鏈聚合的交換機(jī)上才能體驗得出來輪轉(zhuǎn)的效果，虛擬機(jī)是無法驗證的）
[root@centos7 network-scripts]# teamdctl team0 state
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno16777728
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno33554960
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
[root@centos7 network-scripts]#
啟動網(wǎng)絡(luò)組接口不會自動啟動網(wǎng)絡(luò)組中的port接口
啟動網(wǎng)絡(luò)組接口中的port接口不會自動啟動網(wǎng)絡(luò)組接口
禁用網(wǎng)絡(luò)組接口會自動禁用網(wǎng)絡(luò)組中的port接口
沒有port接口的網(wǎng)絡(luò)組接口可以啟動靜態(tài)IP連接
啟用DHCP連接時，沒有port接口的網(wǎng)絡(luò)組會等待port接口的加入
看了以上關(guān)于CentOS6系統(tǒng)下如何實現(xiàn)雙網(wǎng)卡綁定同一IP詳解，如果大家還有什么地方需要了解的可以在創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)行業(yè)資訊里查找自己感興趣的或者找我們的專業(yè)技術(shù)工程師解答的，創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)技術(shù)工程師在行業(yè)內(nèi)擁有十幾年的經(jīng)驗了。
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