這篇文章主要講解了“怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)Samba文件共享服務(wù)”,文中的講解內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單清晰,易于學(xué)習(xí)與理解,下面請(qǐng)大家跟著小編的思路慢慢深入,一起來研究和學(xué)習(xí)“怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)Samba文件共享服務(wù)”吧! 這篇文章主要講解了“怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)Samba文件共享服務(wù)”,文中的講解內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單清晰,易于學(xué)習(xí)與理解,下面請(qǐng)大家跟著小編的思路慢慢深入,一起來研究和學(xué)習(xí)“怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)Samba文件共享服務(wù)”吧!
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配置用戶認(rèn)證共享
服務(wù)端操作:
1.關(guān)閉防火墻,關(guān)閉selunix[root@hejie ~]# setenforce 0[root@hejie ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
2.安裝軟件包[root@hejie ~]# yum install samba-* -y
3.啟動(dòng)smb并設(shè)置開機(jī)自啟[root@hejie ~]# systemctl start smb[root@hejie ~]# systemctl enable smb Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.
關(guān)于Samba的配置文件[root@hejie ~]# grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/samba/smb.conf[global] //全局參數(shù) workgroup = SAMBA //工作組名稱 非常重要 security = user //安全驗(yàn)證方式,總共四種 //share:無需驗(yàn)證身份,簡(jiǎn)單方便,安全性差 //user:需要驗(yàn)證用戶密碼才可以訪問,安全性高 //server:需要通過三方驗(yàn)證賬號(hào)密碼,(集中管理賬戶) //domain:使用域控制器進(jìn)行身份驗(yàn)證 passdb backend = tdbsam //定義用戶后臺(tái)的類型,共有三種 //smbpasswd:為系統(tǒng)用戶設(shè)置Samba服務(wù)程序的密碼 //tdbsam:創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫文件并使用pdbedit命令建立Samba服務(wù)程序的用戶 //ldapsam:基于LDAP服務(wù)進(jìn)行賬戶驗(yàn)證 printing = cups //設(shè)置Samba共享打印機(jī)的類型 printcap name = cups //設(shè)置共享打印機(jī)的配置文件 load printers = yes //設(shè)置在Samba服務(wù)啟動(dòng)時(shí)是否共享打印機(jī)設(shè)備 cups options = raw //打印機(jī)的選項(xiàng)[homes] //共享參數(shù) comment = Home Directories //描述信息 valid users = %S, %D%w%S //允許訪問該共享的用戶 browseable = No //指定共享信息是否可見 read only = No inherit acls = Yes[printers] comment = All Printers 任意字符串 path = /var/tmp 共享目錄路徑 printable = Yes create mask = 0600 browseable = No 指定該共享是否可以瀏覽[print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/drivers write list = root 允許寫入該共享的用戶 create mask = 0664 directory mask = 0775
4.添加用戶"zhengran",不創(chuàng)建家目錄,并設(shè)置密碼。[root@hejie ~]# useradd -M zhengran[root@hejie ~]# smbpasswd -a zhengranNew SMB password:Retype new SMB password:Added user zhengran.
假設(shè)這里映射"zhengran"用戶為share用戶,那么就要在/etc/samba/smbusers文件中添加如下內(nèi)容:[root@hejie ~]# echo 'zhengran = share' > /etc/samba/smbusers
5.在全局配置中添加如下內(nèi)容:[root@hejie ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf[global] workgroup = SAMBA security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers //添加此行內(nèi)容 passdb backend = tdbsam
6.創(chuàng)建一個(gè)共享目錄“zhengran”,并更改其屬主屬組為用戶“zhengran”[root@hejie ~]# mkdir /opt/zhengran[root@hejie ~]# chown -R zhengran.zhengran /opt/zhengran/[root@hejie ~]# ll /opt/total 0drwxr-xr-x. 2 zhengran zhengran 6 Aug 7 17:22 zhengran
7.配置共享[root@hejie ~]# cat >> /etc/samba/smb.conf <[zhengran] //共享名> comment = zhengranwoaini //注釋信息> path = /opt/zhengran //共享目錄路徑> browseable = yes //指定該共享是否可以瀏覽> guest ok = yes //指定該共享是否允許guset賬戶訪問> writable = yes //指定目錄是否可寫> write list = share //允許寫入該共享的用戶,組要用@表示,例如: write list = root,@root > public = yes //是否允許匿名訪問> EOF
8.用testparm檢查配置文件是否有語法錯(cuò)誤,可顯示最終生效的配置[root@hejie ~]# testparmLoad smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.confrlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384)Processing section "[homes]"Processing section "[printers]"Processing section "[print$]"Processing section "[zhengran]"Loaded services file OK.Server role: ROLE_STANDALONEPress enter to see a dump of your service definitions# Global parameters[global] workgroup = SAMBA printcap name = cups security = USER username map = /etc/samba/smbusers idmap config * : backend = tdb cups options = raw[homes] comment = Home Directories browseable = No inherit acls = Yes read only = No valid users = %S %D%w%S[printers] comment = All Printers path = /var/tmp browseable = No printable = Yes create mask = 0600[print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/drivers create mask = 0664 directory mask = 0775 write list = root[zhengran] comment = zhengranwoaini path = /opt/zhengran guest ok = Yes read only = No write list = share
9.重啟smb[root@hejie ~]# systemctl restart smb
客戶端上操作:
1.安裝工具包[root@hyj ~]# yum install samba-client cifs-utils -y
在客戶機(jī)查看samba服務(wù)端有哪些共享資源[root@hyj ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.56.11 -U share Enter SAMBA\share's password: Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- print$ Disk Printer Drivers zhengran Disk zhengranwoaini IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.6.2) Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing. Server Comment --------- ------- Workgroup Master --------- -------
3.創(chuàng)建目錄,并將samba服務(wù)器的共享資源zhengran掛載到客戶機(jī)本地[root@hyj ~]# mkdir /opt/ran[root@hyj ~]# mount -t cifs //192.168.56.11/zhengran /opt/ran -o username=share,password=123[root@hyj ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/CentOS-root 17G 1016M 16G 6% /devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /devtmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 993M 8.5M 984M 1% /runtmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 1014M 125M 890M 13% /boottmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0//192.168.56.11/zhengran 47G 5.4G 42G 12% /opt/ran
4.在客戶機(jī)掛載點(diǎn)創(chuàng)建新文件[root@hyj ~]# cd /opt/ran/[root@hyj ran]# touch 1 2 3[root@hyj ran]# ls1 2 3
5.在服務(wù)器上驗(yàn)證[root@hejie ~]# cd /opt/zhengran/[root@hejie zhengran]# ls1 2 3
配置匿名共享
服務(wù)端
1.修改配置文件[root@hejie ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf[global] workgroup = SAMBA security = user map to guest = Bad User //添加此行
2.創(chuàng)建共享目錄[root@hejie ~]# mkdir /opt/ranran[root@hejie ~]# chmod 777 /opt/ranran/[root@hejie ~]# ll /opt/ranran/ -ddrwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Aug 7 19:24 /opt/ranran/
3.配置共享[root@hejie ~]# cat >> /etc/samba/smb.conf <[ran]> comment = ranranwoaini> path = /opt/ranran> browseable = yes> writable = yes> guest ok = yes> public = yes> EOF
4.重啟服務(wù)[root@hejie ~]# systemctl restart smb
5.在客戶機(jī)上查看服務(wù)器端有哪些共享資源[root@hyj ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.56.11 -U 'Bad User'Enter SAMBA\Bad User's password: // 這里直接敲回車,不用輸入密碼 Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- print$ Disk Printer Drivers zhengran Disk zhengranwoaini ran Disk ranranwoaini IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.6.2)Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing. Server Comment --------- ------- Workgroup Master --------- -------
6.將samba服務(wù)器的共享資源ran掛在到客戶機(jī)上[root@hyj ~]# mount -t cifs //192.168.56.11/ran /opt/ran -o username='Bad User'Password for Bad User@//192.168.56.11/ran: [root@hyj ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1016M 16G 6% /devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /devtmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 993M 8.5M 984M 1% /runtmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 1014M 125M 890M 13% /boottmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0//192.168.56.11/ran 47G 5.4G 42G 12% /opt/ran
7.在客戶機(jī)上進(jìn)入共享目錄創(chuàng)建新文件[root@hyj ~]# cd /opt/ran/[root@hyj ran]# ls[root@hyj ran]# touch a b c[root@hyj ran]# lsa b c
8.在服務(wù)端驗(yàn)證
[root@hejie ~]# cd /opt/ranran/[root@hejie ranran]# lsa b c