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成都創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)站制作重慶分公司

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Dynamips模擬器

Cisco IOS Software, 3700 Software (C3745-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(4)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

拓撲結構

如下圖所示，R1與R2之間使用靜態(tài)路由（默認路由），R1與R3之間使用RIP，R1與R4之間使用EIGRP，R1與R5之間使用OSPF。

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操作過程如下

一、基本配置

按網(wǎng)絡拓撲圖設置端口IP，確保相鄰端口之間能夠相互ping通。

配置略。

二、路由配置

為方便測試，在配置動態(tài)路由時，使用no auto-summary命令關閉自動匯總（OSPF默認是不匯總的，也沒有no auto-summary命令）。

R1，各端口分別按要求配置不同的路由

R1(config)#ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

R1(config)#router rip

R1(config-router)#net 192.168.3.0

R1(config-router)#version 2

R1(config-router)#no auto-summary

R1(config-router)#exit

R1(config)#router eigrp 100

R1(config-router)#net 192.168.4.0

R1(config-router)#no auto-summary

R1(config-router)#exit

R1(config)#router ospf 1

R1(config-router)#net 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R1(config-router)#exit

------------------------------------

R2，配置默認路由

R2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1

------------------------------------

R3，配置RIP

R3(config)#router rip

R3(config-router)#net 192.168.3.0

R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0

R3(config-router)#version 2

R3(config-router)#no auto-summary

R3(config-router)#exit

------------------------------------

R4，配置EIGRP

R4(config)#router eigrp 100

R4(config-router)#net 192.168.4.0

*Mar  1 00:17:48.019: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 100: Neighbor 192.168.4.1 (FastEthernet1/4) is up: new adjacency

R4(config-router)#net 4.4.4.0

R4(config-router)#no auto-summary

*Mar  1 01:08:34.239: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 100: Neighbor 192.168.4.1 (FastEthernet1/4) is resync: summary configured

R4(config-router)#exit

------------------------------------

R5，配置OSPF

R5(config)#router ospf 1

R5(config-router)#net 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

*Mar  1 00:19:05.547: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.5.1 on FastEthernet1/5 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

R5(config-router)#net 5.5.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R5(config-router)#exit

------------------------------------

配置好路由后，因為R1處于網(wǎng)絡邊界，且同時運行了不同的路由協(xié)議，所在R1可以學習到整個網(wǎng)絡的完整路由。show ip route命令查看R1路由，如下：

R1#sh ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

S       2.2.2.0 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       3.3.3.0 [120/1] via 192.168.3.3, 00:00:28, FastEthernet1/3

4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D       4.4.4.0 [90/156160] via 192.168.4.4, 00:02:16, FastEthernet1/4

5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O       5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 192.168.5.5, 01:09:20, FastEthernet1/5

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/4

C    192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/5

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/2

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/3

------------------------------------

R2、R3、R4、R5之間，由于路由協(xié)議的不相同，當前情況下是相互看不到的。需要在R1上進行重分發(fā)。

三、配置重分發(fā)

重分發(fā)的配置是在邊界路由器，即R1上設置的。

1、靜態(tài)路由與RIP的重分發(fā)

R1(config)#router rip

R1(config-router)#redistribute connected  !把直連路由分布到路由協(xié)議中

R1(config-router)#redistribute static  ！將靜態(tài)路由重分發(fā)到RIP中

------------------------------------

配置結束后，在R2仍然只能看默認路由，但R3上已經(jīng)可以看到到達R2的路由了，并且R2 ping 3.3.3.3，R3 ping 2.2.2.2都是通的。

另外，配置結束后，在R3上也可以看到到達192.168.4.0、192.168.5.0網(wǎng)段的路由，但此時的R3并不能ping通R4、R5，是因為R1沒有對ospf、eigrp進行重分發(fā)。

查看此時R2和R3的路由表及ping測試：

R2#sh ip route

……

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/2

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1

------------------------------------

R2#ping 3.3.3.3

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/34/64 ms

------------------------------------

R3#sh ip route

……

R    2.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

R    192.168.5.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/3

------------------------------------

R3#ping 2.2.2.2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/39/64 ms

------------------------------------

2、靜態(tài)路由與EIGRP的重分發(fā)

R1(config)#router eigrp 100

R1(config-router)#redistribute connected

R1(config-router)#redistribute static ！將靜態(tài)路由重分發(fā)到eigrp中

------------------------------------

配置結束后，在R2上仍然只能看默認路由，但R4上已經(jīng)可以看見到達R2的路由了，并且R2 ping 4.4.4.4，R4 ping 2.2.2.2都是通的。

查看此時R4的路由表：

R4#sh ip route

……

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D EX    2.2.2.0 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:14:10, FastEthernet1/4

4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       4.4.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.5.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:14:10, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.2.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:14:10, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.3.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:14:10, FastEthernet1/4

------------------------------------

3、靜態(tài)路由與OSPF的重分發(fā)

R1(config)#router ospf 1

R1(config-router)#redistribute connected

% Only classful networks will be redistributed

R1(config-router)#redistribute static subnets  ！將靜態(tài)路由重分發(fā)到ospf中

% Only classful networks will be redistributed

------------------------------------

注意，把路由重分發(fā)到OSPF中，后面要寫subnets選項，否則除主類以外的子網(wǎng)不能被重新分發(fā)進路由表。以上命令中，如果不加subnets字段，R2可ping 通5.5.5.5，但R5 ping 不通2.2.2.2（R5可以ping通R2）。

配置結束后，在R2上仍然只能看靜態(tài)路由（默認路由），但R5上已經(jīng)可以看見到達R2的路由了，并且R2 ping 5.5.5.5，R5 ping 2.2.2.2都是通的。

查看此時R5的路由表：

R5#sh ip route

……

5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       5.5.5.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

O E2 192.168.4.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:14:13, FastEthernet1/5

C    192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/5

O E2 192.168.2.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:14:13, FastEthernet1/5

O E2 192.168.3.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:14:13, FastEthernet1/5

------------------------------------

4、RIP與EIGRP重分發(fā)

R1(config)#router rip

R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 100 metric 10  ！將eigrp重分發(fā)到rip

R1(config-router)#exit

R1(config)#router eigrp 100

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10000 100 255 1 1500  ！將rip重分發(fā)到eigrp

------------------------------------

注意，將eigrp重分發(fā)到rip時，必須指明度量，即命令redistribute eigrp 100 metric 10，如果沒有“metric 10”，則R3看不到R4的路由。

重分發(fā)路由協(xié)議到eigrp時，也必須指度量，并且要指明帶寬等，命令“metric 10000 100 255 1 1500”中的五個參數(shù)一定要正確，否則會報錯“% Incomplete command”。這五個參數(shù)中，唯一可以修改的是帶寬值，可根據(jù)實際情況設置，其他4個參數(shù)不能改。五個參數(shù)如下：

Bandwidth in kilobytes=10000

Delay in 10s of microseconds=100

Reliability=255(maximum)

Loading=1(minimum)

Maximum Transmission Unit=1500

配置完成后，在R3、R4上可以看到彼此之間的路由了。

查看此時R3及R4的路由表：

R3#sh ip route

……

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       2.2.2.0 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet1/3

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       4.4.4.0 [120/10] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet1/3

R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet1/3

R    192.168.5.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet1/3

R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet1/3

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/3

------------------------------------

R4#sh ip route

……

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D EX    2.2.2.0 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:32:39, FastEthernet1/4

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D EX    3.3.3.0 [170/284160] via 192.168.4.1, 00:02:12, FastEthernet1/4

4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       4.4.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.5.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:32:39, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.2.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:32:39, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.3.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:32:39, FastEthernet1/4

------------------------------------

5、RIP與OSPF重分發(fā)

R1(config)#router rip

R1(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 10

R1(config-router)#exit

R1(config)#router ospf 1

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 200 subnets

------------------------------------

注意，將ospf重分發(fā)到rip時，必須指明度量，即命令redistribute ospf 1 metric 10。

將rip重分發(fā)到ospf時，也必須指度量，并且使用subnets選項，否則R5看不到R3的路由。subnets選項可以確保RIP網(wǎng)絡中的無類子網(wǎng)路由能夠正確的被發(fā)布。

配置完成后，在R3、R5上可以看到彼此之間的路由了。

R3#sh ip route

……

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       2.2.2.0 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       4.4.4.0 [120/10] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       5.5.5.5 [120/10] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

R    192.168.5.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/3

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/3

------------------------------------

R5#sh ip route

……

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O E2    3.3.3.0 [110/200] via 192.168.5.1, 00:00:43, FastEthernet1/5

5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       5.5.5.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

O E2 192.168.4.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:38:10, FastEthernet1/5

C    192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/5

O E2 192.168.2.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:38:10, FastEthernet1/5

O E2 192.168.3.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:38:10, FastEthernet1/5

------------------------------------

6、EIGRP與OSPF重分發(fā)

R1(config)#router eigrp 100

R1(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 10000 100 255 1 1500

R1(config-router)#exit

R1(config)#router ospf 1

R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 100 metric 200 subnets

------------------------------------

注意，如前面所說，將路由向eigrp重分發(fā)時，帶寬、延遲等五個參數(shù)一定要正確。將路由向ospf重分發(fā)時，后面要寫subnets選項。

配置完成后，在R4、R5上可以看到彼此之間的路由了。

R4#sh ip route

……

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D EX    2.2.2.0 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:51:06, FastEthernet1/4

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D EX    3.3.3.0 [170/284160] via 192.168.4.1, 00:20:39, FastEthernet1/4

4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       4.4.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D EX    5.5.5.5 [170/284160] via 192.168.4.1, 00:03:03, FastEthernet1/4

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.5.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:51:06, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.2.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:51:06, FastEthernet1/4

D EX 192.168.3.0/24 [170/30720] via 192.168.4.1, 01:51:06, FastEthernet1/4

------------------------------------

R5#sh ip route

……

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O E2    3.3.3.0 [110/200] via 192.168.5.1, 00:07:21, FastEthernet1/5

4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O E2    4.4.4.0 [110/200] via 192.168.5.1, 00:02:27, FastEthernet1/5

5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       5.5.5.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

O E2 192.168.4.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:50:19, FastEthernet1/5

C    192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/5

O E2 192.168.2.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:50:19, FastEthernet1/5

O E2 192.168.3.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.5.1, 01:50:19, FastEthernet1/5

------------------------------------

至此，整個網(wǎng)絡實現(xiàn)互通。


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